Clinical oral implants research
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Clin Oral Implants Res · Aug 2010
Bone augmentation after soft-tissue expansion using hydrogel expanders: effects on microcirculation and osseointegration.
The success of bone augmentation, for example of the alveolar ridge, might be endangered by dehiscence of the soft tissue that covers the augmented bone. Soft-tissue coverage can be achieved without tension through pre-augmentation tissue expansion with hydrogel expanders. We used a periosteal chamber to study the influence of tissue expansion on microcirculation and osseointegration in an in vivo animal model. ⋯ Pre-augmentation soft-tissue expansion with hydrogel expanders leads to higher functional microvessel density in the tissue above the augmentation material and thus, to more rapid osseointegration. The use of hydrogel expanders appears to increase the probability of success, especially of pre-implant bone augmentation.
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Clin Oral Implants Res · Sep 2009
ReviewWhat influence do anticoagulants have on oral implant therapy? A systematic review.
This systematic review aims to assess the risks (both thromboembolic and bleeding) of an oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT) patient undergoing implant therapy and to provide a management protocol to patients under OAT undergoing implant therapy. ⋯ OAT patients (INR 2-4) who do not discontinue the AC medication do not have a significantly higher risk of post-operative bleeding than non-OAT patients and they also do not have a higher risk of post-operative bleeding than OAT patients who discontinue the medication. In patients with OAT (INR 2-4) without discontinuation, topical haemostatic agents were effective in preventing post-operative bleeding. OAT discontinuation is not recommended for minor oral surgery, such as single tooth extraction or implant placement, provided that this does not involve autogenous bone grafts, extensive flaps or osteotomy preparations extending outside the bony envelope. Evidence does not support that dental implant placement in patients on OAT is contraindicated.
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Clin Oral Implants Res · Oct 2008
Performance of dental implants after staged sinus floor elevation procedures: 5-year results of a prospective study in partially edentulous patients.
The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the 5-year performance and success rate of titanium screw-type implants with the titanium plasma spray (TPS) or the sand-blasted, large grit, acid-etched (SLA) surface inserted in a two-stage sinus floor elevation (SFE) procedure in the posterior maxilla. ⋯ This prospective study assessing the performance of dental implants inserted after SFE demonstrated that titanium implants can achieve and maintain successful tissue integration with high predictability for at least 5 years of follow-up in carefully selected patients.
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Clin Oral Implants Res · Apr 2007
Comparative StudyEarly effect of platelet-rich plasma on bone healing in combination with an osteoconductive material in rat cranial defects.
The early effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on bone regeneration in combination with dense biphasic hydroxyl apatite (HA)/beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) particles (ratio 60%/40%) was evaluated in rat cranial defects with a diameter of 6.2 mm. We hypothesize that PRP exerts its beneficial effect on bone regeneration within the first and second week after application in a bone defect combined with an osteoconductive material. ⋯ A 6.2 mm cranial defect is not a critical-sized defect in rats. Rat PRP had no effect on the early stages of bone healing in addition to an osteoconductive material. Dense HA/beta-TCP particles showed a beneficial effect on bone formation already after 1 and 2 weeks of implantation in non-critical-sized cranial defects in rats.
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Clin Oral Implants Res · Oct 2006
ReviewA comprehensive and critical review of dental implant placement in diabetic animals and patients.
A thorough and exhaustive analysis of the available studies concerning placement of endosseous dental implants in diabetic subjects has not been previously published. The aim of the present study was to perform a comprehensive and critical review of experimental and clinical studies published in the international peer-reviewed literature in the English language regarding endosseous implant installation in diabetic subjects and to draw evidence-based conclusions on the effectiveness and predictability of dental implant therapy in diabetic patients. ⋯ Within the limits of the existing investigations, experimental studies seem to reveal an impaired bone healing response to implant placement in diabetic animals compared with non-diabetic controls, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The majority of clinical studies tend to indicate that diabetes is no contraindication for implant placement, on condition that it remains under metabolic control. However, definitive guidelines with objective criteria, such as type and duration of diabetes and glucosylated hemoglobin levels, need to be established in the future.