Obesity surgery
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Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has been recently introduced as a stand-alone, restrictive bariatric surgery. Theoretically, LSG attenuates micronutrients deficiencies and associated complications that typically observed following malabsorptive procedures. The aim of this study was to assess iron indices and the 1-year incidence of iron deficiency in patients undergoing LSG. ⋯ LSG is an effective procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity and its associated inflammatory state. One year after surgery, development of iron deficiency was insignificant.
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The physiological role of apelin in obesity and diabetes remains unclear. Although apelin has been studied in persons with different conditions, no studies have yet examined the joint influence of obesity and diabetes on apelin levels. We measured the changes in apelin levels in morbidly obese subjects, with and without diabetes, and in the inverse situation of improvement in carbohydrate metabolism as a result of bariatric surgery. ⋯ This study demonstrates that obesity is not the main determinant of the rise in apelin levels. The association between apelin levels and glucose concentrations and insulin sensitivity provides evidence that apelin may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
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Comparative Study
Short-term morbidity and mortality after open versus laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery. A population-based study from Sweden.
The number of anti-obesity procedures performed continues to increase and most are now performed laparoscopically. Few population-based studies have examined outcomes after open and laparoscopic anti-obesity surgery. ⋯ Laparoscopic GBP is as safe as open surgery in terms of mortality. Care needs to be taken when converting previous anti-obesity surgery to GBP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Short-term respiratory physical therapy treatment in the PACU and influence on postoperative lung function in obese adults.
Even several days after surgery, obese patients exhibit a measureable amount of atelectasis and thus are predisposed to postoperative pulmonary complications. Particularly in ambulatory surgery, rapid recovery of pulmonary function is desired to ensure early discharge of the obese patient. In this study, we wanted to evaluate intensive short-term respiratory physical therapy treatment (incentive spirometry) in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and its impact on pulmonary function in the obese. ⋯ Short-term respiratory physiotherapy during the PACU stay promotes more rapid recovery of postoperative lung function in the obese during the first 24 h.
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Central venous catheterization may be difficult in morbidly obese patients because anatomic landmarks are often obscured. ⋯ The use of ultrasound guidance may increase the success rate and decrease the incidence of complications associated with central venous cannulation. The advantages of this approach is visualization of the anatomical structures at puncture site prior to skin puncture and the ability to track needle and guide-wire placement during the procedure. With its high accuracy in detecting catheter misplacement, bedside ultrasonic examination combined with intraatrial electrocardiogram may further decrease morbidity associated with misplaced central venous catheters.