Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Apr 2015
Review[Treatment of hip fractures in elderly patients].
Hip fractures are among the most common fractures in elderly people. The annual number of femoral fractures is even expected to increase because of an aging society. Due to the high number of comorbidities, there are special challenges in treating geriatric hip fracture patients, which require a multidisciplinary management. This includes surgical treatment allowing full weight bearing in the immediate postoperative period, osteoporosis treatment and falls prevention as well as an early ortho-geriatric rehabilitation program.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Apr 2015
Review[Anesthesiology in interventional pneumology- endoscopic interventions: part 1].
Less invasive bronchoscopic techniques for lung-volume-reduction have almost replaced surgical resections. Tracheobronchial obstructions and - to a certain degree - even bronchial tumors can be treated bronchoscopically. However all these procedures show specific risks anesthesiologists have to consider.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Apr 2015
Review[Regional anaesthesia in patients with lower limb injury].
Almost all surgical procedures following injury can be provided in peripheral regional anaesthesia or spinal anaesthesia - under consideration of specific contraindications. The majority of injuries at the lower limb are associated with severe pain and immobilization during the postoperative phase. Moreover, opioids are often required which are related to nausea, vomiting and impairment of vigilance. ⋯ Therefore anaesthesia is challenging in those patients. Even injuries of the long bones - like the femur and the tibia - are causing severe pain, therefore an appropriate concept for acute pain therapy is required. Moreover, for injuries with affection of bony joint-structures (i. e. knee, ankle, calcaneus) and marked soft-tissue injuries continuous regional anaesthesia techniques could provide advantages during acute pain therapy.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Apr 2015
Review[Regional anaesthesia in injuries of the upper extremity].
Regional anaesthesia has significant advantages compared to general anaesthesia with an opiate-based postoperative analgesia in injuries of the upper extremity. Severe pain may be considered a risk factor for the development of chronic postoperative pain syndromes in adults and children. Depending on the anticipated postoperative pain level, a catheter procedure should be used. ⋯ Since the brachial plexus is predominantly responsible for the sensory innervation of the entire upper extremity, therefore all known block techniques in regional anaesthesia apply. Since the introduction of ultrasound in regional anaesthesia (USGRA), older methods like the supraclavicular approach, which were previously banned due to high complication rates, are now being rediscovered. Both new and old blockade methods are much more effective and safe with ultrasound support because of the rapid visualization of the anatomy and needle.