Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
-
Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Oct 2007
Case Reports[Analgesia for reconstruction of the cruciate ligaments of the knee].
In the present case a reconstruction of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament is planned. In general, major surgery of the knee as well as reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament is very painful. Continuous peripheral nerve blocks provide good analgesia and are superior to parenteral opioids concerning quality of analgesia and mobility and postoperative range of motion of the knee. Compared to the neuraxial catheters, cPNB have less side effects.
-
Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2007
Review[Monitoring of perioperative fluid management in children].
Invasive monitoring is rarely used in children undergoing routine anaesthesia. Therefore the management of fluid therapy and its maintenance depends often on the experience of the anaesthetist. In situations of high volume uptake and during critical surgical procedures haemodynamic state can easily be underestimated and hypovolaemic episodes remain undetected. This article summarises recent developments of less invasive and continuous monitoring techniques available for paediatric use which probably represent a useful addition in optimising the perioperative haemodynamic performance.
-
Adequate nutrition of the critically ill patient is a cornerstone of intensive care medicine. While the enteral route should be used whenever possible, parenteral supplementation of insufficient enteral nutrition has been shown to be beneficial and is not considered to be lethal anymore. The daily energy supply should not exceed 20-30 kcal/kgBW in the acute phase of the illness. Vitamins and trace elements should be supplied daily to avoid any deficiency.
-
Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2007
Review[Regional anesthesia in preterm, newborns and small infants].
Regional anesthesia has many advantages as intraoperative and more important as postoperative analgesia in pediatric anesthesia. There are special requirements for a sufficient acute pain management in preterms, newborns and small infants. This review focuses these special features regarding to local anesthetics and supplements, caudal and spinal anesthesia, and peripheral blockades.
-
Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2007
Review[Perioperative fluid guideline in preterms, newborns, toddlers and infants].
The purposes of perioperative fluid therapy are to balance deficits that have occurred preoperatively, to realize the continuous infusion of maintenance requirements referred to body weight an to effect a correction of the intraoperative losses of water, electrolytes and blood components. Premature and new-born infants as well as children at risk for hypoglycaemia should additionally receive glucose in order to stabilise the glucose concentration and metabolism. ⋯ Also in the cases of small children, artificial colloids may also be administered additionally. The efficacy of fluid and volume therapy should be controlled by an appropriately adapted circulation monitoring and regular blood gas analyses, especially for major interventions.