Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jun 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Dolasetron, droperidol and a combination of both in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after extracapsular cataract extraction under general anesthesia].
Both, droperidol and the new 5-HT3-antagonist (e.g. dolasetron) are effective drugs in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). It was the aim of this prospective double blind placebo controlled study to determine the efficacy of low-dose droperidol, dolasetron, and a combination of both drugs in the prevention of PONV after extracapsular cataract extraction. ⋯ Low-dose droperidol and dolasetron are equally effective to reduce the incidence of PONV after cataract surgery under general anaesthesia. The combination of both drugs revealed no additional effect.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jun 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after hysterectomy with oral dolasetron, intravenous dehydrobenzperidol or a combination of both substances].
PONV is a frequent postoperative complication. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of oral dolasetron in comparison to intravenous droperidol (DHB) and to a combination of both drugs for prophylaxis of PONV. ⋯ Single dose of oral dolasetron and single dose of intravenous DHB reduced PONV effectively, in patients undergoing gynaecologic surgery. A combination of dolasetron and DHB has no better effect than a single dose of oral dolasetron. Contrary to DHB the application of dolasetron decreased the postoperative antiemetic requirement significantly.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · May 1999
Clinical Trial[Serum level-adjusted dosage of once-daily aminoglycoside therapy in critical illness: results of a prospective study].
In critically ill patients, the adjustment of target peak and trough levels of tobramycin was investigated because aminoglycoside pharmacokinetics can be changed by multiple influences. Sufficient but not too high peak serum concentrations and low trough levels, however, should be achieved to ensure a therapeutic effect and to minimize toxicity. ⋯ Target peak and trough aminoglycoside levels are adjustable even in critically ill patients. Reduced tobramycin clearance can be associated with normal creatinine clearance. Assuming an exact methodology, a reduced "direct" creatinine clearance, however, indicates a reduced drug clearance.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · May 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Prophylactic analgesia in functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Hemodynamics, surgical conditions, stress response].
Sufficient control of intraoperative bleeding in functional endoscopic sinus surgery is essential for obtaining adequate surgical results. The necessity of hypotensive anesthetic techniques is a controversial topic among anesthesiologists and ENT-surgeons. This prospective, randomized study compared N2O-supplemented intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl or sufentanil with respect to hemodynamic reactions, endocrine stress response, blood loss and surgical conditions, and recovery. ⋯ N2O-supplemented intravenous anesthesia is suitable for functional endoscopic sinus procedure without any further need for induced hypotension; sufentanil seems to be superior in regard to hemodynamic stability, surgical conditions, and psychomotor recovery.