Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 1992
Anesthesia for bilateral lung transplantation without cardiopulmonary bypass: initial experience and review of intraoperative problems.
Bilateral lung transplantation (BLT) is a recently described procedure based on two sequential single-lung transplantations (SLT), which are performed by a transverse sternobithoracotomy. It does not require either cardiac arrest or routine use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The intraoperative management of 10 patients suffering from end-stage pulmonary disease is reported. ⋯ With chest closure, PVR returned to nearly normal values (range, 57-293, mean 167 dynes.s.cm-5) and Qva/Qt increased (range, 3 to 36, mean 20%). This limited series demonstrates that CPB is optional during this procedure. Good selection of recipients and donors, good lung preservation methods, and a short duration of cold ischemia are essential to success.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 1992
Resident clinical competence in cardiac anesthesia: a case performance-based evaluation study.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the minimum number of cases that anesthesiology residents need to complete in order to master the clinical skills required in cardiac anesthesia. In addition, the extent to which the resident's general anesthesia experience and in-training examination scores influence clinical performance was also studied. The data presented were based on observation of 99 actual cases, which were managed by 16 residents. ⋯ The minimum number of cardiac cases that residents needed to manage before achieving a satisfactory level of skill ranged from about 10 cases for preoperative assessment to 20 to 30 cases for hemodynamic and coagulation management. It is concluded that residents needed different lengths of time to develop different skills, and it is logical to look at each basic skill independently in the evaluation of resident progress. Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that a case performance-based evaluation approach might provide a more objective and accurate means for assessing resident progress in cardiac anesthesia.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 1992
The effect of the extended (3-year) anesthesia curriculum on anesthesia subspecialty education.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of lengthening the anesthesia residency by the American Board of Anesthesiology on the education of anesthesia subspecialists. A survey of anesthesia residency programs was conducted from 1987 to 1991. The most frequent subspecialty practice in the clinical anesthesia (CA) 3 year is cardiovascular anesthesia. ⋯ For example, the percentage of CA3 residents spending 12 months in subspecialty education has decreased 83%. There appears to be a slight increase in the number of CA4 or PGY5 residents (fellows) electing subspecialty practice. It is concluded that the 3-year curriculum has produced a negative impact on the education of anesthesia subspecialists.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 1992
ReviewThe modified Fontan procedure: physiology and anesthetic implications.
The modified Fontan operation has gained wide acceptance as a functional corrective procedure for patients with CHD with single ventricle physiology. Long-term survival and palliation of symptoms are excellent with most patients able to lead normal lives. The absence of a pulmonary contractile ventricle means that the single ventricle is responsible for perfusion of both the pulmonary and systemic circulations. Elevated systemic venous pressure is required to overcome PVR and this state of systemic venous hypertension has a significant impact on the anesthetic and postoperative care of these patients.