Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Feb 2003
Effects of positive-pressure ventilation, pericardial effusion, and cardiac tamponade on respiratory variation in transmitral flow velocities.
To determine the effects of positive-pressure ventilation and experimentally induced pericardial effusion and tamponade on transmitral flow velocities in dogs. ⋯ Intrathoracic pressure and lung volume changes caused by positive-pressure ventilation influence transmitral flow velocity patterns. Respiratory variation in transvalvular flow is pronounced during standard positive-pressure mechanical ventilation, decreases in the presence of pericardial effusion, and becomes almost nonexistent when cardiac tamponade is present. These findings show that the echocardiographic criteria used to diagnose cardiac tamponade based on mitral valve inflow patterns are different during positive-pressure ventilation from spontaneously breathing subjects.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Feb 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe effect of high-frequency ventilation of the lungs on postbypass oxygenation: A comparison with other ventilation methods applied during cardiopulmonary bypass.
To compare the effect of high-frequency ventilation versus other ventilation methods applied during cardiopulmonary bypass on postbypass oxygenation. ⋯ The alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient was lower, and the PaO(2) was higher 5 minutes after bypass in patients receiving CPAP (100% O(2)) as compared with those ventilated with high-frequency ventilation.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Feb 2003
Are serum S100beta proteins and neuron-specific enolase predictors of cerebral damage in cardiovascular surgery?
To examine whether serum concentrations of S100beta protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) are predictors of cerebral damage in cardiovascular surgery. ⋯ A large part of the increases in S100beta protein and NSE during CPB and SCP is not attributed to neuronal damage, but to contamination with the blood from the surgical field. To determine whether these markers are useful to predict neurologic complications, it will be necessary to exclude contamination from the surgical field as observed in the present study.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Feb 2003
A case series of low-dose fenoldopam in seventy cardiac surgical patients at increased risk of renal dysfunction.
To evaluate the usefulness of low-dose fenoldopam mesylate in patients at risk of developing renal dysfunction after cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. ⋯ These findings suggest that renal function was preserved in patients at increased risk for renal dysfunction after cardiac surgery when low-dose fenoldopam was used in the perioperative period. However, a randomized, controlled trial is required to establish efficacy.