Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Fenoldopam inhibits nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B in a rat model of surgical ischemic acute renal failure.
Vasoactive compounds are known to modulate gene transcription, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), in renal tissues, but the molecular effects of fenoldopam in this setting are not known. The authors used a rat model of surgical acute ischemic nephropathy to test the hypothesis that fenoldopam attenuates ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced NF-kappaB-mediated inflammation. ⋯ Data from this rat model of renal I/R suggest that the mechanism by which fenoldopam attenuates I/R-induced inflammation appears to involve inhibition of NF-kappaB translocation and signal transduction.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Editorial Comment Comparative StudyIs supplemental oxygen necessary?
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialComparison of systemic and renal effects of dopexamine and dopamine in norepinephrine-treated septic shock.
Vasopressor-induced vasoconstriction may compromise renal and splanchnic blood flow in patients with septic shock, resulting in secondary organ failures. The authors compared the effects of the vasodilatatory agent dopexamine against renal-dose dopamine and placebo in patients with norepinephrine therapy and septic shock, using 24-hour serum creatinine clearance (C(crea)) as a major endpoint. The primary hypothesis to be tested was that dopexamine is more effective than dopamine and that dopamine shows better effects than placebo regarding organ failures and C(crea). ⋯ Dopexamine is no more effective than dopamine or placebo regarding renal function in patients with septic shock requiring norepinephrine. Both therapies do not influence organ-failure scores.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study assessing the anti-inflammatory effects of ketamine in cardiac surgical patients.
To determine whether ketamine administration affects markers of inflammation in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and to investigate differences between 2 low-dose ketamine regimens. ⋯ Low-dose ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) attenuates increases in CRP, IL-6, and IL-10 while decreasing vasodilatation after CPB.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Comparative StudyInfluence of groin incision, duration of ischemia, and prostaglandin E1 on ischemia-reperfusion injury of the lower limb.
The influences of groin incision, duration of ischemia, and the effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the hind limb in rabbits were evaluated. ⋯ Development of edema during I/R depends on groin incision of the hind limb and on the duration of ischemia. The I/R injury is attenuated by PGE1 treatment, in terms of reduced edema formation and CK release, but not in terms of neuromuscular function.