Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2007
Global end-diastolic volume as a variable of fluid responsiveness during acute changing loading conditions.
Dynamic variables of preload such as stroke volume variation (SVV) have been shown to be good predictors of fluid responsiveness. They are, however, not applicable during spontaneous breathing and cardiac arrhythmias. Volumetric variables of preload, such as global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) and left ventricular end-diastolic area (LVEDA), might be alternative variables of preload to guide fluid administration. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate whether GEDV and LVEDA are suitable parameters of preload and fluid responsiveness during rapidly changing loading conditions. ⋯ In this animal model, GEDV and LVEDA were superior to SVV in accurately reflecting hemorrhage. However, GEDV and SVV but not LVEDA were suitable to predict fluid responsiveness.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2007
Dexmedetomidine produces dual alpha2-adrenergic agonist and alpha1-adrenergic antagonist actions on human isolated internal mammary artery.
To investigate the direct effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on isolated human internal mammary artery (IMA). ⋯ These data suggest that DEX causes contraction by activating alpha2-adrenoceptors at lower concentrations, but it may also activate alpha1-adrenoceptors at higher concentrations in IMA. The action of DEX on phenylephrine-induced contraction may be related to an alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonistic effect produced via partial alpha1-adrenoceptor agonistic action.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Oct 2007
Letter Case ReportsPeripheral nerve blocks for high-risk case.