Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study assessing the anti-inflammatory effects of ketamine in cardiac surgical patients.
To determine whether ketamine administration affects markers of inflammation in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and to investigate differences between 2 low-dose ketamine regimens. ⋯ Low-dose ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) attenuates increases in CRP, IL-6, and IL-10 while decreasing vasodilatation after CPB.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Comparative StudyInfluence of groin incision, duration of ischemia, and prostaglandin E1 on ischemia-reperfusion injury of the lower limb.
The influences of groin incision, duration of ischemia, and the effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the hind limb in rabbits were evaluated. ⋯ Development of edema during I/R depends on groin incision of the hind limb and on the duration of ischemia. The I/R injury is attenuated by PGE1 treatment, in terms of reduced edema formation and CK release, but not in terms of neuromuscular function.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Comparative StudyImpact of vasopressin on hemodynamic and metabolic function in the decompensatory phase of hemorrhagic shock.
To explore how the potent vasoconstrictive features of vasopressin impact the rate of cardiovascular collapse and metabolic derangements associated with prolonged hemorrhagic shock. ⋯ Administration of vasopressin used as an adjunct to maintain blood pressure in the decompensatory phase of hemorrhagic shock slows cardiovascular collapse, but has an adverse effect on metabolic and hemodynamic function. Further investigation is warranted to clarify the role of vasopressin in the delayed management of severe hemorrhagic shock.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Fenoldopam inhibits nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B in a rat model of surgical ischemic acute renal failure.
Vasoactive compounds are known to modulate gene transcription, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), in renal tissues, but the molecular effects of fenoldopam in this setting are not known. The authors used a rat model of surgical acute ischemic nephropathy to test the hypothesis that fenoldopam attenuates ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced NF-kappaB-mediated inflammation. ⋯ Data from this rat model of renal I/R suggest that the mechanism by which fenoldopam attenuates I/R-induced inflammation appears to involve inhibition of NF-kappaB translocation and signal transduction.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2006
Comparative StudySevoflurane alters right ventricular performance but not pulmonary vascular resistance in acutely instrumented anesthetized pigs.
Although the effects of halogenated agents on both normal and diseased left ventricles have been widely studied, the influence of these anesthetic agents on right ventricular (RV) performance remains less well characterized. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of 2 different concentrations of sevoflurane on RV function, and coronary and pulmonary hemodynamics in acutely instrumented anesthetized pigs. ⋯ Sevoflurane causes significant depression of global RV function associated with a qualitatively different effect on inflow and outflow tracts, without any modification of PVR.