Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 2005
Comparative StudyMonitoring oxygenator expiratory isoflurane concentrations and the bispectral index to guide isoflurane requirements during cardiopulmonary bypass.
The purpose of this study was to measure the changes in isoflurane requirements during the rewarming phase of cardiopulmonary bypass with moderate hypothermia. ⋯ Isoflurane requirements are reduced during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Monitoring anesthetic concentrations in the oxygenator expiratory gas may be a useful adjunct to monitoring the depth of anesthesia.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 2005
Comparative StudyClinical experience with polyclonal IgM-enriched immunoglobulins in a group of patients affected by sepsis after cardiac surgery.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency, in terms of decreasing overall mortality (primary endpoint), of an immunoglobulin M (IgM)-enriched, polyclonal intravenous immunoglobulin preparation (IVIg) (Pentaglobin; Biotest AG, Dreieich, Germany) in the treatment of a group of patients affected by sepsis after cardiac surgery. A secondary endpoint was to evaluate which subgroup, on the basis of the infectious state when the patient enrolled, could benefit the most from the treatment. Another secondary endpoint was the evaluation of an improvement in the severity score or in other variables such as Glasgow Coma Scale; arterial pressure (systolic, average, and diastolic); heart rate; central venous pressure; cardiac index; respiratory rate; PaO(2), F(I)O(2), and the ratio of PaO(2) to F(I)O(2); pH, base excess, and bicarbonate; C reactive protein and leukocytes; platelets, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, and anti-thrombin III; creatinine; and bilirubin. ⋯ The polyclonal IgM-enriched immunoglobulins did not significantly reduce the mortality rate in the overall study population. However, in the subgroup of patients with severe sepsis, they improved the survival rate significantly.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 2005
Comparative StudyPatterns of changes in arterial PO2 during one-lung ventilation: a comparison between patients with severe pulmonary emphysema and patients with preserved lung function.
One-lung ventilation (OLV) during thoracoscopic surgery is associated with a significant decline in arterial PO(2) in patients with severe pulmonary emphysema and patients with preserved lung function. The authors hypothesized that patterns of arterial PO(2) changes are different in these 2 patient groups. ⋯ During OLV, oxygenation is better preserved for a longer period of time in patients with severe pulmonary emphysema as compared with patients with normal lung function. In contrast to patients without emphysema, prediction of oxygenation during OLV for the individual patient with emphysema is unreliable because of large interindividual differences.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 2005
Comparative StudyAntifibrinolytic use and bleeding during surgery on the descending thoracic aorta: a multivariate analysis.
The purpose of this study was to determine the potential benefit of antifibrinolytic (AF) therapy in improving hemostasis in descending aortic surgery in which extracorporeal distal perfusion is used. ⋯ The authors could not show a beneficial effect of AF therapy on bleeding and transfusion, although current practice shows that this therapy continues to be used. Because heterogeneity of patient population exists and bias cannot be completely excluded, a prospective investigation evaluating efficacy and safety in this population is warranted.