Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 1998
A novel alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist attenuates the early, but preserves the late cardiovascular effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine in conscious dogs.
To test the hypothesis that L-659,066, a peripherally acting alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, will abolish the early pressor response but preserve the late depressor action of intravenous dexmedetomidine in conscious, unsedated dogs. ⋯ L-659,066 prevents the immediate pressor effects of 5 micrograms/kg of intravenous dexmedetomidine but preserves the majority of the late beneficial cardiovascular effects of this selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist in conscious dogs.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 1998
Comparative StudyThe clinical relevance of hemoglobin, platelet, and serotonin changes in sequestered and circulating blood during cardiopulmonary bypass.
To determine how hemoglobin (Hb), platelet, and serotonin concentrations change during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in sequestered blood from the pulmonary artery compared with circulating systemic blood; and to determine the correlation between platelet and serotonin variability at the two sites and clinical outcome measurements related to hemodynamics and blood loss. ⋯ During CPB, there were significant differences in Hb, platelet, and serotonin concentrations in sequestered pulmonary artery blood compared with circulating systemic blood. The initial differences and subsequent changes were most likely attributable to decreased hemodilution and a different pattern of platelet activation in the pulmonary artery blood compared with the systemic blood. Despite the hematologic differences, serotonin concentration and platelet counts in the pulmonary artery blood had significant correlation to indices of cardiac function and postoperative chest tube drainage, respectively. Platelet and serotonin changes in sequestered pulmonary artery blood were also associated with some of the adverse consequences of CPB.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 1998
Comparative StudySafety and efficacy of early extubation of elderly coronary artery bypass surgery patients.
Early extubation and fast-track management protocols on younger, low-risk patients result in shorter hospital stays and decreased costs. The impact of such protocols on elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is not presently known. ⋯ This study confirms the safety and efficacy of early extubation among elderly patients undergoing CABG. Elderly patients have more comorbid conditions, yet a significant number can be extubated early, with resultant shortened LOSs.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Aug 1998
Comparative StudyThe relationship between extracorporeal circuit prime, albumin, and postoperative weight gain in children.
This study evaluated postoperative weight gain in children who received albumin versus crystalloid prime for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). ⋯ Data suggest that adding albumin to the EC circuit prime and minimizing the prime volume will result in less postoperative weight gain. Further prospective study with a larger sample is warranted to determine whether albumin prime offers other clinical benefits.