Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffects of dobutamine versus insulin on cardiac performance, myocardial oxygen demand, and total body metabolism after coronary artery bypass grafting.
The purpose was to study whether the hemodynamic benefit of a catabolic catecholamine (dobutamine) induces a certain oxygen cost for the myocardial energy demand and whether this effect would be less pronounced if an anabolic intervention, such as the administration of insulin, was used. ⋯ It is concluded that dobutamine as well as insulin administration increase cardiac performance. However, in contrast to dobutamine, insulin does not appear to increase myocardial oxygen demand. Therefore, the anabolic insulin administration may represent a more economic pattern of energy-consuming hemodynamic intervention than does the catabolic catecholamine administration.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 1995
Comparative StudyComparison of the alteration of cardiac function by sevoflurane, isoflurane, and halothane in the isolated working rat heart.
Despite its widespread use, little is known about sevoflurane's physiologic effects. The direct myocardial effects of sevoflurane were compared with both halothane and isoflurane. ⋯ These data suggest that sevoflurane depresses cardiac function less than either halothane in doses of 1.0 and 1.5 x MAC or isoflurane at doses of 3 x MAC.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Dec 1995
Comparative StudyEffects of inhaled prostacyclin as compared with inhaled nitric oxide in a canine model of pulmonary microembolism and oleic acid edema.
Recently, it has been shown that the inhalation of nitric oxide (NO) and of prostacyclin (PGI2) elicits selective pulmonary vasodilation in a canine model of pulmonary hypertension induced by hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. The present study was designed to investigate whether inhaled NO or PGI2-aerosol, respectively, is also effective in decreasing pulmonary artery pressure in a canine model of acute pulmonary microembolism and oleic acid edema. ⋯ The data demonstrate that inhaled NO may elicit selective pulmonary vasodilation and improve gas exchange in a canine model of pulmonary microembolism and respiratory insufficiency. However, the degree of these effects was relatively small. The aerosolization of PGI2 under conditions of positive-pressure ventilation did not exert a significant vasodilatory effect on pulmonary vessels and did not improve pulmonary gas exchange in this model.