Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
-
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Jul 2008
ReviewTrans fatty acids and cardiovascular health: translation of the evidence base.
The recent interest in the development of evidence-based nutrition recommendations has resulted in the development of frameworks which enable a more structured evaluation of the link between diet and chronic disease. This paper examines the application of the frameworks produced by the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), by using as a case study the association between trans unsaturated fatty acids (TFAs) and coronary heart disease. TFAs arise during industrial hydrogenation of vegetable or fish fats and oils and the natural digestion process in ruminant animals. ⋯ While the evidence is sufficient to suggest a probable positive association between TFAs and coronary heart disease, and thus to justify a firm recommendation for a reduction in dietary TFA intake, the evaluation of the data underlines the difficulties in extrapolating the principles of evidence-based medicine to evidence-based nutrition. Furthermore, there is a paucity of research into the effects of animal-derived TFAs in amounts typically consumed in a western diet and their association with adverse lipid profiles or cardiovascular outcomes.
-
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Jun 2008
Hospital admissions and length of stay for coronary disease in an Aboriginal cohort.
Coronary disease (CHD)-related hospital admission is more common among indigenous than non-indigenous Australians. We aimed to identify predictors of hospital admission potentially useful in planning prevention programs. ⋯ Hypertension, alcohol drinking, smoking, and diet influence hospital admissions for CHD in Aboriginal Australians.
-
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Nov 2007
Adherence to a healthful life attenuates lipid parameters among a healthy Italian population.
During the last 5 years, an increasing body of evidence on the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), calculated through specific diet scores, and health status have been accumulated, but limited data are available regarding the association between MD scores and biomarkers. Similarly, many studies have demonstrated a significant protection against chronic diseases from a global healthy lifestyle (HL) pattern which includes not only dietary habits but also physical activity and abstinence from smoking, whereas few data regarding the influence of a HL pattern on circulating biomarkers are available. Using the framework of an epidemiological study conducted in Florence, Italy between 2002 and 2004 we evaluated the association between two different scores (a score of adherence to the MD and a score of adherence to a healthful life which includes abstinence from smoking and a moderate-to-high physical activity level) and some circulating parameters linked to chronic diseases. ⋯ A high adherence to a HL, which includes not only a high adherence to the MD but also to other lifestyle factors (i.e. abstinence from smoking, and increasing physical activity during leisure time), is able to lower lipid parameters and homocysteine in a clinically healthy Italian population.
-
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Jul 2007
Letter Comparative Study Clinical TrialLong-term multidisciplinary therapy decreases predictors and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in obese adolescents.