Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Feb 2018
ReviewThe clinical potential of adipogenesis and obesity-related microRNAs.
Obesity is a growing health problem commonly associated with numerous metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and some forms of cancer. The burden of obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases are believed to arise through complex interplay between genetics and epigenetics predisposition, nutrition, environment, and lifestyle. However, the molecular basis and the repertoire of obesity-affecting factors are still unknown. ⋯ Alteration in miRNAs expression could result in changes in the pattern of genes controlling a range of biological processes including inflammation, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and adipogenesis. Hence, understanding exact roles of miRNAs as well as the degree of their contribution to the regulation of adipogenesis and fat cell development in obesity would provide new therapeutic targets for the development of novel and effective anti-obesity drugs. The objective of the current review is to: (i) discuss some of the latest development on relevant miRNAs dysregulation mainly in human adipogenesis and obesity, (ii) emphasize the role of circulating miRNAs as new promising therapeutics and attractive potential biomarkers for treating obesity and associated risk factor diseases, (iii) describe how dietary factors may influence obesity through modulation of miRNAs expression, (iv) highlight some of the actual limitations to the promise of miRNAs as novel therapeutics as well as to their translation for the benefit of patients, and finally (v) provide recommendations for future research on miRNA-based therapeutics that could lead to a breakthrough in the treatment of obesity and its associated pathologies.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Jan 2018
Meta AnalysisThe effect of viscous soluble fiber on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Dietary fiber intake, especially viscous soluble fiber, has been established as a means to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors. Whether this is true for blood pressure remains controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to investigate the effects of viscous soluble fiber supplementation on blood pressure and quantify the effect of individual fibers. ⋯ ClinicalTrials.gov identifier-NCT02670967.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Jun 2017
Review Meta AnalysisResting heart rate and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality - A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Epidemiological studies have reported increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality with greater resting heart rate, however, the evidence is not consistent. Differences by gender, adjustment for confounding factors, as well as the potential impact of subclinical disease are not clear. A previous meta-analysis missed a large number of studies, and data for atrial fibrillation have not been summarized before. We therefore aimed to clarify these associations in a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. ⋯ This meta-analysis found an increased risk of coronary heart disease, sudden cardiac death, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality with greater resting heart rate.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Jun 2017
Review Meta AnalysisResting heart rate and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality - A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Epidemiological studies have reported increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality with greater resting heart rate, however, the evidence is not consistent. Differences by gender, adjustment for confounding factors, as well as the potential impact of subclinical disease are not clear. A previous meta-analysis missed a large number of studies, and data for atrial fibrillation have not been summarized before. We therefore aimed to clarify these associations in a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. ⋯ This meta-analysis found an increased risk of coronary heart disease, sudden cardiac death, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality with greater resting heart rate.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Oct 2016
ReviewProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors: Present perspectives and future horizons.
Our comprehensive review highlights the drug development and pharmacogenomics leading to the recent approval of PCSK9 inhibitors. We also review the anticipated future advances into the uses of PCSK9 inhibition. ⋯ Despite decades of medical advances, ASCVD remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Statin use has multiplied since the validation of LDL hypothesis, however, it is undeniable a more effective and well-tolerated agent is needed in significant number or patients. With the arrival of the era of unprecedented CV protection with PCSK9 inhibition, this exciting new therapy holds a pivotal promise as the future of lipid management. The data available already indicate safety, tolerability and superb efficacy of these agents, which are already changing contemporary cholesterol management. The rapid translation of innovative basic science research into drug development may lead to CV outcomes reduction and confirm that this pathway will become prominently utilized.