Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Jun 2017
Review Meta AnalysisResting heart rate and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality - A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Epidemiological studies have reported increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality with greater resting heart rate, however, the evidence is not consistent. Differences by gender, adjustment for confounding factors, as well as the potential impact of subclinical disease are not clear. A previous meta-analysis missed a large number of studies, and data for atrial fibrillation have not been summarized before. We therefore aimed to clarify these associations in a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. ⋯ This meta-analysis found an increased risk of coronary heart disease, sudden cardiac death, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality with greater resting heart rate.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · May 2017
Comparative StudyGeriatric nutritional risk index as a nutritional and survival risk assessment tool in stable outpatients with systolic heart failure.
Malnutrition is frequent in heart failure (HF). However, the best tool for evaluating malnutrition in geriatric patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the incremental prognostic value of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) in stable geriatric outpatients with HFrEF compared with a clinical/laboratory prognostic model. ⋯ The risk of malnutrition, as assessed by the GNRI, in stable geriatric outpatients with HFrEF is a strong independent predictor of survival. The GNRI adds significant prognostic information to the clinical/laboratory model.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Mar 2017
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyHealthcare resource use, direct and indirect costs of hypoglycemia in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and nationwide projections. Results of the HYPOS-1 study.
To obtain an accurate picture of the total costs of hypoglycemia, including the indirect costs and comparing the differences between type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ⋯ Indirect costs meaningfully contribute to the total costs associated with hypoglycemia. As compared with T1DM, T2DM requires fewer ER visits and incurs lower indirect costs but more frequent hospital use.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Dec 2016
Chronic kidney disease and high eGFR according to body composition phenotype in adults with normal BMI.
Body composition contributes to the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and glomerular hyperfiltration. In adults with normal body mass index (BMI), the relationships of body composition with CKD and high estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are largely unknown. ⋯ These findings suggest that decreased muscle mass and coexistence with excess adiposity show associations with CKD and high eGFR even in adults with normal BMI. Body composition measured by DXA could provide information on the relationship of body composition with CKD and high eGFR.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Oct 2016
ReviewProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors: Present perspectives and future horizons.
Our comprehensive review highlights the drug development and pharmacogenomics leading to the recent approval of PCSK9 inhibitors. We also review the anticipated future advances into the uses of PCSK9 inhibition. ⋯ Despite decades of medical advances, ASCVD remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Statin use has multiplied since the validation of LDL hypothesis, however, it is undeniable a more effective and well-tolerated agent is needed in significant number or patients. With the arrival of the era of unprecedented CV protection with PCSK9 inhibition, this exciting new therapy holds a pivotal promise as the future of lipid management. The data available already indicate safety, tolerability and superb efficacy of these agents, which are already changing contemporary cholesterol management. The rapid translation of innovative basic science research into drug development may lead to CV outcomes reduction and confirm that this pathway will become prominently utilized.