Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Anemia on admission increases the risk of mortality at 6 months and 1 year in hemorrhagic stroke patients in China.
The relationship between anemia and intracerebral hemorrhage is not clear. We investigated the associations between anemia at the onset and mortality or dependency in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) registered at the China National Stroke Registry (CNSR). ⋯ Anemia independently predicted mortality at 6 months and 1 year after the initial episode of intercerebral hemorrhage.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Prediction of ischemic stroke in patients with tissue-defined transient ischemic attack.
The risk of future stroke after transient ischemic attack (TIA) has been widely studied, but most findings were obtained for classically defined TIA (time-defined TIA). A new definition of TIA, that is, tissue-defined TIA, which requires the absence of fresh brain infarction on magnetic resonance imaging, could change stroke risk assessments. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate the risk of future stroke in patients with tissue-defined TIA. ⋯ Compared with the established measures, our newly created scores could predict future stroke for tissue-defined TIA more reliably.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Occurrence and predictors of persistent impaired glucose tolerance after acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.
Impaired glucose tolerance is often present in patients with a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or ischemic stroke and doubles the risk of recurrent stroke. This impaired glucose tolerance can be transient, reflecting an acute stress response, or persistent, representing undiagnosed impaired glucose metabolism possibly requiring treatment. We aimed to assess the occurrence of persistent impaired glucose tolerance after a stroke or TIA and to develop a prediction model to identify patients at risk of persistent impaired glucose tolerance. ⋯ Half of the patients with impaired glucose tolerance after a TIA or ischemic stroke have persistent impaired glucose tolerance. We provide a prediction model to identify patients at risk of persistent impaired glucose tolerance, with statin use, triglyceride, and fasting plasma glucose as the most important predictors, which after external validation might be used to optimize secondary prevention.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
The effects of exercise preconditioning on cerebral blood flow change and endothelin-1 expression after cerebral ischemia in rats.
Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease with high incidence, morbidity, and mortality. Preischemic treadmill training has been shown to be effective in improving behavioral and neuropathologic indices after cerebral ischemia. However, the exact neuroprotective mechanism of preischemic treadmill training against ischemic injury has not been elucidated clearly. ⋯ It is worth noting that ET-1 expression is increased at 24 hours of reperfusion in the pretreadmill group compared with the level of the time after middle cerebral artery occlusion. These changes were followed by significant changes in neurologic deficits and cerebral infarct volume. This study indicated that preconditioning exercise protected brain from ischemic injury through the improvement of CBF and regulation of ET-1 expression, which may be a novel component of the neuroprotective mechanism of preischemic treadmill training against brain injury.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ attenuates acute ischemic stroke on middle cerebral ischemia occlusion in rats.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-β/δ is a transcription factor that belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. There is little information about the effects of the immediate administration of specific ligands of PPAR-β/δ (GW0742) in animal models of acute ischemic stroke. Using a rat model of middle cerebral ischemia occlusion (MCAO) in vivo, we have investigated the effect of pretreatment with GW0742 before MCAO. ⋯ The study suggests the neuroprotective effect of the PPAR-β/δ ligand GW0742 in acute ischemic stroke by a mechanism that may involve its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic action.