Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ attenuates acute ischemic stroke on middle cerebral ischemia occlusion in rats.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-β/δ is a transcription factor that belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. There is little information about the effects of the immediate administration of specific ligands of PPAR-β/δ (GW0742) in animal models of acute ischemic stroke. Using a rat model of middle cerebral ischemia occlusion (MCAO) in vivo, we have investigated the effect of pretreatment with GW0742 before MCAO. ⋯ The study suggests the neuroprotective effect of the PPAR-β/δ ligand GW0742 in acute ischemic stroke by a mechanism that may involve its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic action.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Multicenter StudyRelationship between magnetic resonance angiography-diffusion-weighted imaging mismatch and clinical outcome in endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke: subgroup analysis of the Recovery by Endovascular Salvage for Cerebral Ultra-acute Embolism--Japan Registry.
The presence or absence of the penumbra area is important when performing reperfusion therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke. As a predictor of this penumbra area, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)-diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) mismatch is attracting attention. The usefulness of MRA-DWI mismatch (MDM) using the DWI-Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) in endovascular treatment (EVT) of patients with cerebral large vessel occlusion was evaluated. ⋯ This study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of EVT in MDM-P patients within 3 hours of symptom onset. Although the ratio of patients who had a favorable outcome was high in the MDM-P patients admitted 3-8 hours after the onset, the difference was not significant.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Anemia on admission increases the risk of mortality at 6 months and 1 year in hemorrhagic stroke patients in China.
The relationship between anemia and intracerebral hemorrhage is not clear. We investigated the associations between anemia at the onset and mortality or dependency in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) registered at the China National Stroke Registry (CNSR). ⋯ Anemia independently predicted mortality at 6 months and 1 year after the initial episode of intercerebral hemorrhage.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Proposed approach to thrombolysis in dabigatran-treated patients presenting with ischemic stroke.
Acute ischemic stroke thrombolysis in patients taking dabigatran is controversial because of a presumed increased risk of symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation. Using data from our local hematopathology laboratory, we developed a thrombolysis protocol for acute ischemic stroke patients taking dabigatran. ⋯ Administration of intravenous tPA in dabigatran-treated patients is feasible. Although, the relationship between dabigatran concentrations and coagulation measures varies between laboratories, individual protocols, preferably based on TT, can be developed at acute stroke treatment centers.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Rosuvastatin ameliorates early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage via suppression of superoxide formation and nuclear factor-kappa B activation in rats.
Statins, or 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, have been suggested to possess pleiotropic effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the protective effects of pretreatment with rosuvastatin, a relatively hydrophilic statin, on early brain injury (EBI) after a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), using the endovascular perforation SAH model. ⋯ The present study demonstrates that rosuvastatin pretreatment ameliorates EBI after SAH through the attenuation of oxidative stress and NF-κB-mediated inflammation.