Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jan 2015
The radical scavenger edaravone improves neurologic function and perihematomal glucose metabolism after acute intracerebral hemorrhage.
Oxidative injury caused by reactive oxygen species plays an important role in the progression of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced secondary brain injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that the free radical scavenger edaravone may prevent neuronal injury and brain edema after ICH. However, the influence of edaravone on cerebral metabolism in the early stages after ICH and the underlying mechanism have not been fully investigated. ⋯ Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling assays performed 3 days after ICH revealed that the numbers of apoptotic cells in perihematomal region of edaravone-treated ICH rats were decreased relative to the vehicle group. Thus, the present study demonstrates that edaravone has scavenging properties that attenuate neurologic behavioral deficits and brain edema in the early period of ICH. Additionally, edaravone may improve cerebral metabolism around the hematoma by attenuating apoptotic cell death after ICH.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jan 2015
Intra-arterial administration of papaverine during mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke.
The use of stent retrievers for mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke may induce significant vasospasm, which at the early phases of reperfusion may be crucial for rethrombosis of the recanalized vessel. We aimed to study whether the use of intra-arterial papaverine in selected cases of vasospasm was associated with improved cerebral perfusion, arterial reocclusion, or increased hemorrhagic complications. ⋯ This small study suggests that intra-arterial infusion of papaverine for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm after mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke is effective and safe.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jan 2015
Orolingual angiodema associated with alteplase treatment of acute stroke: a reappraisal.
Orolingual angioedema has been increasingly recognized as a potentially life-threatening complication associated with alteplase treatment of stroke. Concomitant treatment with an angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and localization of infarction in the territory of middle cerebral artery seem to be associated with a higher risk of this complication. ⋯ Orolingual angioedema is a potential complication of which treating physicians in stroke units need to be aware, even in those cases without history of ACEi treatment and without infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery. All patients who receive alteplase treatment should be monitored carefully.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jan 2015
Borax partially prevents neurologic disability and oxidative stress in experimental spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury.
The aim of this study is to investigate the potential effects of borax on ischemia/reperfusion injury of the rat spinal cord. ⋯ Borax treatment seems to protect the spinal cord against injury in a rat ischemia/reperfusion model and improve neurological outcome.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jan 2015
Effects of dexmedetomidine on microregional O2 balance during reperfusion after focal cerebral ischemia.
This study was performed to determine whether there is an association between microregional O2 balance and neuronal survival in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion using dexmedetomidine, an α2-adrenoreceptor agonist and a sedative. ⋯ In the cerebral ischemic reperfused cortex, dexmedetomidine decreased the heterogeneity of SvO2 and the number of small veins with low O2 saturation suggesting improved microregional O2 supply/consumption balance. The improvement was accompanied by the reduced size of cortical infarction.