Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · May 2013
Comparative Study"Code stroke": hospitalized versus emergency department patients.
Stroke rapid-response ("code stroke") teams facilitate the evaluation and treatment of patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs). Little is known about the usefulness of code stroke systems for patients hospitalized primarily for other conditions. We hypothesized that the yield of code stroke evaluations would be lower in hospitalized than in ED patients, and sought to identify potential targets for quality improvement efforts. ⋯ There was no association between a final diagnosis of a stroke mimic and patient age, sex or race-ethnicity or nursing shift. The proportions of patients with acute ischemic stroke and patients treated with thrombolytics after activation of in-hospital code stroke were small, and were lower than those of patients with ED code stroke in the same hospital over the same time period. Developing a standardized assessment protocol for hospitalized patients with altered mental status may improve the efficacy of care.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · May 2013
Prediction of thrombolytic therapy after stroke-bypass transportation: the Maria Prehospital Stroke Scale score.
There is no prehospital stratification tool specifically for predicting thrombolytic therapy after transportation. We developed a new prehospital scale named the Maria Prehospital Stroke Scale (MPSS) by modifying the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale. Our objective is to evaluate its utility in a citywide bypass transportation protocol for intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). ⋯ The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the correct diagnosis of stroke and prediction of IV tPA therapy were calculated as .737 (95% confidence interval [CI]: .688-.786) and .689 (95% CI: .645-.732), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the MPSS score and the detection-to-door time were independent predictors of tPA use after transportation. The MPSS is a novel prehospital stratification tool for the prediction of thrombolytic therapy after transportation.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · May 2013
Haptoglobin phenotype predicts cerebral vasospasm and clinical deterioration after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Vasospasm (VS) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are thought to greatly affect prognosis. Haptoglobin (Hp) is a hemoglobin-binding protein expressed by a genetic polymorphism (1-1, 2-1, and 2-2). Our objects were to investigate whether the Hp phenotype could predict the incidence of cerebral infarction, favorable outcome, clinical deterioration by DCI, and angiographical VS after aneurysmal SAH. ⋯ The Hp 2-2 group also showed the tendency of a greater risk of clinical deterioration by DCI with marginal significance on univariate and age- and sex-adjusted analyses (univariate OR: 2.46, CI: .90-6.74, P = .080; age- and sex-adjusted OR: 2.46, CI: .89-6.82, P = .080) but not after being adjusted for other multiple risk factors. The Hp 2-2 group was not associated with the favorable 3-month outcome and cerebral infarction (univariate: P = .867, P = .209; multivariate: P = .905, P = .292). The Hp phenotype seems to be associated with a higher rate of angiographical VS and clinical deterioration by DCI but does not affect the incidence of cerebral infarction and favorable outcome.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · May 2013
Recent trends in inpatient mortality and resource utilization for patients with stroke in the United States: 2005-2009.
The aim of the study is to evaluate recent trends in mortality, length of stay, costs, and charges for patients admitted to the US hospitals with the principal diagnosis of stroke. ⋯ Between 2005 and 2009, in-hospital mortality for patients hospitalized with stroke improved despite increasing severity of illness. At the same time, the average charge for hospitalization increased by 28% despite unchanged cost of treatment and shorter length of stay.
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J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · May 2013
Preclusion of ischemic stroke patients from intravenous tissue plasminogen activator treatment for mild symptoms should not be based on low National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Scores.
Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA) improves neurologic outcome after stroke, but is not recommended for patients with minor neurologic deficits commonly classified by a lower cutoff on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Because not all stroke signs are captured on the NIHSS, the use of a strict cutoff may exclude functionally impaired stroke patients from IV tPA treatment. ⋯ Language impairment, distal (hand) paresis, and gait disorder are common disabling deficits in patients with low NIHSS scores. Judgment of whether a stroke is disabling should not be based on the NIHSS score but on the assessment of the individual neurologic deficits and their impact on functional impairment.