Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association
-
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Mdivi-1 prevents apoptosis induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury in primary hippocampal cells via inhibition of reactive oxygen species-activated mitochondrial pathway.
Apoptosis is one of the major mechanisms of neuronal injury during ischemic-reperfusion (I/R). Mitochondrial division inhibitor (mdivi-1) is a selective inhibitor of mitochondrial fission protein Drp1. The previous experiments support that mdivi-1 reduce I/R injury in the heart model of rat, but the neuroprotective effect of the mdivi-1 is not yet clearly defined at the cellular levels in brain. ⋯ The redox state, cell apoptosis, and expression of Drp1, Bcl-2, Bax, and cytochrome C proteins were measured. The data showed that administration of mdivi-1 at the doses of 50 μM significantly reduced oxidative stress, attenuated cell apoptosis, upregulated Bcl-2 expression, and downregulated Drp1, Bax, and cytochrome C expression. The results suggested that mdivi-1 protected brain from OGD reperfusion injury, which through suppressing the ROS initiated mitochondrial pathway.
-
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
The effects of exercise preconditioning on cerebral blood flow change and endothelin-1 expression after cerebral ischemia in rats.
Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease with high incidence, morbidity, and mortality. Preischemic treadmill training has been shown to be effective in improving behavioral and neuropathologic indices after cerebral ischemia. However, the exact neuroprotective mechanism of preischemic treadmill training against ischemic injury has not been elucidated clearly. ⋯ It is worth noting that ET-1 expression is increased at 24 hours of reperfusion in the pretreadmill group compared with the level of the time after middle cerebral artery occlusion. These changes were followed by significant changes in neurologic deficits and cerebral infarct volume. This study indicated that preconditioning exercise protected brain from ischemic injury through the improvement of CBF and regulation of ET-1 expression, which may be a novel component of the neuroprotective mechanism of preischemic treadmill training against brain injury.
-
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ attenuates acute ischemic stroke on middle cerebral ischemia occlusion in rats.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-β/δ is a transcription factor that belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. There is little information about the effects of the immediate administration of specific ligands of PPAR-β/δ (GW0742) in animal models of acute ischemic stroke. Using a rat model of middle cerebral ischemia occlusion (MCAO) in vivo, we have investigated the effect of pretreatment with GW0742 before MCAO. ⋯ The study suggests the neuroprotective effect of the PPAR-β/δ ligand GW0742 in acute ischemic stroke by a mechanism that may involve its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic action.
-
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Multicenter StudyRelationship between magnetic resonance angiography-diffusion-weighted imaging mismatch and clinical outcome in endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke: subgroup analysis of the Recovery by Endovascular Salvage for Cerebral Ultra-acute Embolism--Japan Registry.
The presence or absence of the penumbra area is important when performing reperfusion therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke. As a predictor of this penumbra area, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)-diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) mismatch is attracting attention. The usefulness of MRA-DWI mismatch (MDM) using the DWI-Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) in endovascular treatment (EVT) of patients with cerebral large vessel occlusion was evaluated. ⋯ This study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of EVT in MDM-P patients within 3 hours of symptom onset. Although the ratio of patients who had a favorable outcome was high in the MDM-P patients admitted 3-8 hours after the onset, the difference was not significant.
-
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · Jul 2014
Anemia on admission increases the risk of mortality at 6 months and 1 year in hemorrhagic stroke patients in China.
The relationship between anemia and intracerebral hemorrhage is not clear. We investigated the associations between anemia at the onset and mortality or dependency in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) registered at the China National Stroke Registry (CNSR). ⋯ Anemia independently predicted mortality at 6 months and 1 year after the initial episode of intercerebral hemorrhage.