Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyDoes night-shift work induce apnea events in obstructive sleep apnea patients?
The aim of the present study was to determine the direct effect of night-work on the occurrence of obstructive apneas during sleep after a night shift in fast-rotating shift workers with sleep-related breathing disorders. Eight obstructive sleep apnea patients were examined with the use of a polysomnograph during sleep under two conditions: after day-shift work and after night-shift work. ⋯ Night work significantly increased several breathing variables: total duration of obstructive apneas during REM sleep, mean duration of obstructive apneas during arousal, and apnea index during arousal. We conclude that in a subpopulation of sleep apnea patients, acute sleep deprivation may worsen obstructive sleep apnea index.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Nov 2007
Comparative Study Clinical TrialNoninvasive ventilation during weaning.
Patients suffering from advanced chronic thoracic disorders are at higher risk to develop respiratory failure, requiring mechanical ventilation. Forty seven patients acutely decompensated were investigated. Twenty nine of them were primarily ventilated noninvasively, 7 were intubated and 11 had been intubated and tracheotomized prior to arriving at the weaning center. ⋯ We conclude that patients either ventilated nasally or intubated or tracheotomized can be prepared for home mechanical ventilation in a weaning unit with similar outcome. Noninvasive ventilation is highly important in such patients as only one remained on invasive ventilation. This may implicate that transfer to noninvasive ventilation prior to tracheotomy might be appropriate.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Nov 2007
Comparative StudyTussigenic agents in the measurement of cough reflex sensitivity.
Different inhalation methods are used for cough reflex sensitivity (CRS) measurement. The single-breath method of tussigenic agent aerosol inhalation is widely used now. Comparison of two tussigenic agents--citric acid and capsaicin--in cough reflex sensitivity measurement was used in healthy volunteers. ⋯ Geometric mean and 95% confidence interval (CI) of citric acid C2 was 454.5 (284.8-725.4) mmol/l in 88.2% of volunteers; citric acid C5 was 1000 micromol/l (0) in 47.1% of volunteers. Capsaicin C2 was 23.5 (8.2-67.5) micromol/l in 100% of volunteers and C5 was 263.7 (111.2-625.1) micromol/l in 76.5% of volunteers. We conclude that capsaicin single-breath test is more relevant for cough reflex sensitivity measurement in healthy volunteers than citric acid cough test.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Nov 2007
Frequency of distribution of leptin receptor gene polymorphism in obstructive sleep apnea patients.
Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone regulating energy homeostasis and body weight. Leptin concentration is increased in patients with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Leptin receptor (LEPR) is a single transmembrane protein belonging to the superfamily of cytokine receptors related by a structure to the hemopoietin receptor family. ⋯ We also found the highest levels of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides in the group of homozygotic Arg/Arg genotype carriers, lower in heterozygotic Gln/Arg genotype carriers, and the lowest in the group of persons carring homozygotic Gln/Gln genotype. The presence of Arg allel seems linked to a higher risk of obesity and higher lipid levels in OSAS patients. OSAS may have a strong genetic basis due to the effects from a variety of genes including those for leptin receptor.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Nov 2007
Case ReportsPleuritis as the first symptom of pulmonary embolism: a case report.
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common problem but its diagnosis is challenging since clinical signs and symptoms are not specific. Given the significant overlap between the presentation of PE and other not life threatening entities/diseases, it is important to be acquainted with diagnostic tests and treatment of PE. It is of vital importance to suspect PE in case of chest pain. We would like to present the patient complaining of acute left-sided chest pain, referred to the hospital after being unsuccessfully treated in outpatient clinic for chest infection.