Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Nov 2007
Clinical TrialNormocapnia following noninvasive ventilation in acute exacerbations and chronic state of obstructive pulmonary disease.
We attempted to decrease PCO2 during noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and studied he effects of this therapy both in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in its chronic state. Ninety six patients (63% male) with COPD and hypercapnia above 6.7 kPa were investigated. The mode and setting of the ventilator had to be chosen to achieve normocapnia. ⋯ All three indicators together were present in 2% of patients. Normocapnia under ventilation and during spontaneous breathing was independent from the subgroup. In conclusion, the study showed that normocapnia can be achieved in COPD under the ventilator and while breathing spontaneously in chronic and acute disease.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Nov 2007
Expression of anion exchanger 3 influences respiratory rate in awake and isoflurane anesthetized mice.
The anion exchanger 3 (AE3) is involved in neuronal pH regulation of which may include chemosensitive neurons. Here we examined the effect of AE3 expression on respiratory rate (RR) in vivo. AE3 knockout (KO, n=5) and wild type (WT, n=6) mice were subjected to body plethysmography, both while awake and during isoflurane anesthesia. ⋯ Hypercapnia (5% CO2) increased RR in awake and decreased RR in nesthetized (1.0 MAC) mice, whereby relative changes were larger in AE3 KO mice. Recovery from isoflurane anesthesia in respect to RR regaining baseline values was more pronounced in AE3 KO. Results show that AE3 expression profoundly influences control of breathing in mice.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Nov 2007
Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on exercise capacity in chronic heart failure patients without sleep apnea.
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. It is known, that there are beneficial effects on cardiac function, which might be explained by suppression of apnea and specific hemodynamic effects of CPAP. Therefore, CPAP might act as an adjunct therapy in heart failure, even in the absence of sleep apnea. ⋯ Oxygen-pulse was increased, although that did not reach significance (11.2+/-4.8 ml/beat vs. 12.6+/-3.9 ml/beat). In conclusion, CPAP might have beneficial effects on exercise capacity in patients with congestive heart failure even in the absence of sleep apnea. Nevertheless, poor compliance seems to be a limiting factor.