Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Mar 2005
Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffect of moderate incremental exercise, performed in fed and fasted state on cardio-respiratory variables and leptin and ghrelin concentrations in young healthy men.
Although hormonal responses to exercise performed in fed state are well documented, far less in known about the effect of a single exercise bout, performed after overnight fasting, on cardio-respiratory responses and hormones secretion. It has been reported that recently discovered hormones as leptin and ghrelin may affect cardiovascular responses at rest. However, their effect on the cardiovascular responses to exercise is unknown. ⋯ We have concluded that plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations have no significant effect on the fasting-induced attenuation of heart rate during exercise. We have postulated that this effect is caused by increased plasma norepinephrine concentration, leading to the increase in systemic vascular resistance and baroreceptor mediated vagal stimulation. Moreover we believe, that the fasting-induced significant increase in plasma IL-6 concentration at rest, accompanied by higher plasma norepinephrine concentration and lower RQ, belongs to the physiological responses, maintaining energy homeostasis in the fasting state.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Sep 2004
Outcomes of CPAP treatment in a sleep laboratory specialized in neuropsychiatry.
The rapidly increasing number of sleep laboratories implicates their specialization into various fields of sleep medicine. In our sleep laboratory that specializes in neuropsychiatry, patients with the symptoms typical for the obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) were routinely redirected to a local respiratory clinic. Some patients, however, admitted to our center for other reasons revealed OSAHS in nocturnal polysomnography. ⋯ In 1 patient no cause was identified. Our patients showed relatively mild sleepiness before CPAP and only a slight improvement under CPAP. The CPAP noncompliance seems the most prevailing reason for CPAP failure, but in some patients the cause of PTS could not be unraveled by using standard diagnostic tools and some additional measures are to be employed to resolve the issue.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Sep 2004
ReviewNon-invasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) via nasal or full face mask can be applied in respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) both in the acute and long-term settings. In acute exacerbation of COPD with respiratory failure it may be considered as a standard treatment. There is strong evidence that NIV might reduce intubation, complication, and mortality rate in patients with acute hypercapnia (PaCO(2) >45 mmHg). ⋯ Especially, COPD patients with substantial chronic hypercapnia (PaCO(2) >55 mmHg) and/or nocturnal hypoventilation, and those with repeated exacerbations may profit from NIV. In any case, NIV is a very valuable and effective tool in the non-pharmacological treatment of COPD. Every clinician who is involved in the management of COPD patients with respiratory insufficiency should be able to apply this technique.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Sep 2004
Reflex respiratory responses to progressive hyperoxic hypercapnia and normocapnic hypoxia in normocapnic and hypercapnic obstructive sleep apnea patients.
Ventilatory responses to progressive hypercapnia were analyzed in the normocapnic and hypercapnic obstructive sleep apnea patients (OSA). The rebreathing hypercapnic and hypoxic tests were performed using the computerized equipment (Lungtest, MES), according to Read's method. The ventilatory response to hypoxia was impaired in all OSA patients. ⋯ Nine moderately hypercapnic OSA patients showed a right shift with a normal slope of the regression curve describing the relationship between the end-tidal PCO(2) and minute ventilation. In contrast, three severely hypercapnic OSA patients showed a right shift with a decreased slope of this regression curve. We conclude that awake OSA patients who developed hypercapnic ventilatory insufficiency showed an impaired hypercapnic defense reaction.
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J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Jul 2004
Comparative StudyUsefulness of p16 and K-ras mutation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and chronic pancreatitis differential diagnosis.
The differentiation of chronic pancreatitis (CP) from pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) remains a great challenge. The purpose of the study was to compare the prevalence of p16 and K-ras mutation in PA and CP in order to evaluate their usefulness in differential diagnosis of those diseases. ⋯ It is suggested that simultaneous measurement of K-ras and p16 mutations may provide an additional tool in differential diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.