European radiology
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To determine the diagnostic accuracy and predictive value of gadoxetic acid liver MRI (Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI) alone or in combination with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as a second-line tool for detecting early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence in cirrhotic patients with previous HCC treated with resection or ablation. ⋯ • In patients at risk of HCC recurrence, the use of gadoxetic acid liver MRI and DWI may improve the differentiation of unspecific new arterial-enhancing foci from early hypervascular HCC recurrence in patients with non-conclusive findings on extracellular liver MRI. • Combined findings on hepatobiliary-phase gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI and DWI had high specificity (90.9%) and positive predictive value (95.8%) for detecting early hypervascular HCC recurrence, but limited sensitivity. • Combining hepatobiliary-phase hypointensity on gadoxetic acid MRI and hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted imaging allows early diagnosis of hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma and may help select patients for salvage therapy.
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Multicenter Study
Screening outcome for consecutive examinations with digital breast tomosynthesis versus standard digital mammography in a population-based screening program.
To retrospectively investigate early performance measures of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) versus standard digital mammography (DM) for consecutive screening rounds. ⋯ • There is limited knowledge about early performance measures for screening with digital breast tomosynthesis beyond one screening round. • A decline in recall rate and an incline in the rate of screen-detected breast cancer were observed for women screened with DBT compared with DM, irrespective of prior screening technique. The interval breast cancer rate did not differ statistically for women screened with DBT versus DM. • Tumor characteristics tended to be prognostic favorable for DBT compared with DM with no differences in rates of more advanced cancers. The clinical significance of increased cancer detection and the potential for future mortality reduction remain unknown.
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Diagnostic performance and potential radiation dose reduction of wide-area detector CT sequential acquisition ("wide-volume" acquisition (WV)) in unenhanced chest examination are unknown. This study aims to assess the image quality, the diagnostic performance, and the radiation dose reduction of WV mode compared with the classical helical acquisition for lung parenchyma analysis in an ultra-low-dose (ULD) protocol. ⋯ • Image quality and diagnostic performance of ultra-low-dose unenhanced chest CT are identical between wide-volume mode and the reference helical acquisition. • Wide-volume mode allows an additional radiation dose reduction of 11% (mean dose-length product 14.1 ± 1.3 mGy cm versus 15.8 ± 1.3, p < 0.0001).
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Comparative Study
Differentiating between malignant and benign renal tumors: do IVIM and diffusion kurtosis imaging perform better than DWI?
To quantitatively compare the diagnostic values of conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in differentiating between malignant and benign renal tumors. ⋯ • The D value is the best parameter for differentiating ccRCC from benign renal tumors. • The f value is the best parameter for differentiating non-ccRCC from benign renal tumors. • Conventional DWI and DKI have similar performance in differentiating malignant and benign renal tumors.
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The original version of this article, published on 02 May 2019, unfortunately contained a mistake. The following correction has therefore been made in the original: The presentation of Fig. 2 was incorrect. The corrected figure is given below. The original article has been corrected.