European radiology
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To determine the feasibility of pre-TACE IVIM imaging based on histogram analysis for predicting prognosis in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ⋯ • mRECIST was associated with TTP independently. • Lower kurtosis and higher mean for ADCs tend to have good response. • Pre-TACE kurtosis of ADC total is the best independent predictor for TTP.
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To determine the value of radiomics in predicting lymph node (LN) metastasis in resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. ⋯ • A radiomics nomogram was built and validated to predict LN metastasis in resectable ESCC. • The radiomics nomogram outperformed size criteria. • Radiomics helps to unravel intratumor heterogeneity and can serve as a novel biomarker for determination of LN status in resectable ESCC.
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To measure speed of sound (SoS) with a novel hand-held ultrasound technique as a quantitative indicator for muscle loss and fatty muscular degeneration. ⋯ • Speed of sound ultrasound: a novel technique to identify sarcopenia in seniors. • Measurements were fast and well tolerated using a standard ultrasound machine. • The novel technique shows potential for sarcopenia quantification.
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Comparative Study
Comparing dual energy CT and subtraction CT on a phantom: which one provides the best contrast in iodine maps for sub-centimetre details?
To compare contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) and iodine discrimination thresholds on iodine maps derived from dual energy CT (DECT) and subtraction CT (SCT). ⋯ • Subtraction CT iodine maps exhibit higher CNR than dual-energy iodine maps • Lower iodine concentrations can be discriminated for sub-cm details with SCT • Response times are lower using SCT compared to dual-energy CT.
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A side-by-side comparison of updated guidelines regarding contrast medium-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) from the Swedish Society of Uroradiology (SSUR) and the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) is presented. The major discrepancies include a higher glomerular filtration rate (GFR) threshold as a risk factor for CI-AKI and for discontinuation of metformin by SSUR, i.e., < 45 ml/min versus < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 by ESUR, when intravenous or intra-arterial contrast media (CM) with second-pass renal exposure is administered. SSUR also continues to recommend consideration of traditional non-renal risk factors such as diabetes and congestive heart failure, while ESUR considers these factors as non-specific for CI-AKI and does not recommend any consideration. ⋯ CM dose/GFR ratio thresholds established for coronary angiography/interventions are also applied as recommendations for CM-enhanced CT by SSUR, since SSUR regards coronary procedures as a second-pass renal exposure of CM with no obvious difference in the incidence of AKI compared with IV CM administration. Finally, SSUR recommends reducing the gram-iodine dose/GFR ratio from < 1.0 in patients not at risk to < 0.5 in patients at risk of CI-AKI, while ESUR has no such recommendation. KEY POINTS: • The more cautionary attitude taken by SSUR compared with that of ESUR is motivated by insufficient evidence regarding risk for contrast medium-induced acute kidney injuries (CI-AKI). • SSUR recommends that absolute and not relative GFR should be used when dosing drugs eliminated by the kidneys such as contrast media. • According to SSUR the gram-iodine dose/GFR ratio should be < 0.5 in patients at risk of CI-AKI, while ESUR has no such recommendation.