American heart journal
-
American heart journal · Aug 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyDesign and rationale for the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Effects of Lorcaserin in Overweight and Obese Patients-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 61 (CAMELLIA-TIMI 61) trial.
Lorcaserin, a selective serotonin 2C receptor agonist, is an effective pharmacologic weight-loss therapy that improves several cardiovascular risk factors. The long-term clinical cardiovascular and metabolic safety and efficacy in patients with elevated cardiovascular risk are unknown. ⋯ CAMELLIA-TIMI 61 is investigating the safety and efficacy of lorcaserin for MACEs and conversion to diabetes in overweight or obese patients with established cardiovascular disease or multiple cardiovascular risk factors.
-
American heart journal · Aug 2018
Implications of a recurrent in-hospital cardiac arrest on survival and neurological outcomes.
Despite the high incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in US hospitals, the prognosis and end-of-life decision-making patterns of a patient with a recurrent IHCA are unknown. ⋯ Nearly 1 in 8 patients with an IHCA has a recurrent IHCA, and these patients have worse outcomes than patients with only a single IHCA and those with an IHCA after being hospitalized for an OHCA. Despite worse survival, rates of DNAR and withdrawal of care were lowest for patients with recurrent IHCA. These findings provide important prognostic information for clinicians caring for patients with recurrent IHCA and suggest the need to better align resuscitation and end-of-life decisions with patients' prognoses after IHCA.
-
American heart journal · Jul 2018
Association between ventricular fibrillation amplitude immediately prior to defibrillation and defibrillation success in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Several characteristics of the ventricular fibrillation (VF) waveform during cardiac arrest are associated with defibrillation success, including peak amplitude in the seconds prior to defibrillation. It is not known if immediate pre-defibrillation amplitude is associated with successful defibrillation, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) or survival to hospital discharge (SHD). ⋯ Amplitude of the VF waveform at the moment of defibrillation has a strong association with successful defibrillation, ROSC, and SHD.
-
American heart journal · Jul 2018
ReviewInternational Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches (ISCHEMIA) trial: Rationale and design.
Prior trials comparing a strategy of optimal medical therapy with or without revascularization have not shown that revascularization reduces cardiovascular events in patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD). However, those trials only included participants in whom coronary anatomy was known prior to randomization and did not include sufficient numbers of participants with significant ischemia. It remains unknown whether a routine invasive approach offers incremental value over a conservative approach with catheterization reserved for failure of medical therapy in patients with moderate or severe ischemia. ⋯ ISCHEMIA will provide new scientific evidence regarding whether an invasive management strategy improves clinical outcomes when added to optimal medical therapy in patients with SIHD and moderate or severe ischemia.
-
American heart journal · Jul 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyTreatment of sleep-disordered breathing in heart failure impacts cardiac remodeling: Insights from the CAT-HF Trial.
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), including central and obstructive sleep apnea, is a marker of poor prognosis in heart failure (HF) and may worsen cardiac dysfunction over time. Treatment of SDB with adaptive servoventilation (ASV) may reverse pathologic cardiac remodeling in HF patients. ⋯ Significant reverse LV remodeling was seen among HFrEF patients with SDB regardless of treatment allocation. Substantial reductions in LA volume among HFrEF and HFpEF patients receiving ASV suggest that ASV treatment may also improve diastolic function and warrant further investigation.