American heart journal
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American heart journal · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyImpact of smoking status on platelet function and clinical outcomes with prasugrel vs. clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes managed without revascularization: Insights from the TRILOGY ACS trial.
To further explore the impact of smoking on antiplatelet activity and treatment response, we evaluated time-dependent relationships between smoking status with on-treatment platelet reactivity and clinical outcomes for prasugrel vs. clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes managed medically without revascularization. ⋯ Among medically managed ACS patients <75 years of age, the risk of ischemic outcomes was significantly reduced with prasugrel vs. clopidogrel among smokers vs. non-smokers. No interaction between on-treatment platelet reactivity and smoking status was found.
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American heart journal · Jun 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyRationale and design of the PeriOperative ISchemic Evaluation-2 (POISE-2) trial: an international 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial of acetyl-salicylic acid vs. placebo and clonidine vs. placebo in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
Worldwide, 200 million adults undergo major noncardiac surgery annually, and 10 million of these patients will have a major vascular complication. Low-dose clonidine and low-dose acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA) may prevent major perioperative vascular complications. We therefore initiated the POISE-2 trial to establish the perioperative effects of these 2 interventions. ⋯ POISE-2 is a large international trial that will rigorously evaluate the effects of low-dose clonidine and ASA in patients having noncardiac surgery.
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American heart journal · Jun 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of double (360 mg) ticagrelor loading dose with standard (60 mg) prasugrel loading dose in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients: the Rapid Activity of Platelet Inhibitor Drugs (RAPID) primary PCI 2 study.
In ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, residual platelet reactivity soon after a loading dose (LD) of prasugrel or ticagrelor is higher than that reported for healthy volunteers or subjects with stable coronary artery disease; and the majority of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) procedures with bivalirudin monotherapy are performed without proper platelet inhibition. However, ticagrelor LD is just the daily dose, whereas prasugrel LD is 6-fold the long-term daily dose. We hypothesized that an increased ticagrelor LD may result in a faster and more effective platelet inhibition as compared with the standard prasugrel LD. ⋯ In patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI, double (360 mg) ticagrelor LD failed to achieve a faster and more intense platelet inhibition as compared with the standard prasugrel LD. Intravenously administered aspirin allowed to achieve a very early inhibition of acid arachidonic pathway.
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American heart journal · Jun 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyPROspective Multicenter Imaging Study for Evaluation of chest pain: rationale and design of the PROMISE trial.
Suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common, potentially life-threatening diagnostic problems clinicians encounter. However, no large outcome-based randomized trials have been performed to guide the selection of diagnostic strategies for these patients. ⋯ Multispecialty community practice enrollment into a large pragmatic trial of diagnostic testing strategies is both feasible and efficient. The PROMISE trial will compare the clinical effectiveness of an initial strategy of functional testing against an initial strategy of anatomical testing in symptomatic patients with suspected CAD. Quality of life, resource use, cost-effectiveness, and radiation exposure will be assessed.
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American heart journal · May 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyResuscitation Outcomes Consortium-Amiodarone, Lidocaine or Placebo Study (ROC-ALPS): Rationale and methodology behind an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest antiarrhythmic drug trial.
Despite their wide use, whether antiarrhythmic drugs improve survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is not known. The ROC-ALPS is evaluating the effectiveness of these drugs for OHCA due to shock-refractory ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VF/VT). ⋯ Results from ALPS will provide important information about the choice and value of antiarrhythmic therapies for VF/VT arrest with direct implications for resuscitation guidelines and clinical practice.