American heart journal
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American heart journal · Dec 2015
Association of aortic stiffness and wave reflections with coronary flow reserve in women without obstructive coronary artery disease: An ancillary study from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE).
Increased aortic stiffness and reduced coronary flow reserve (CFR) independently predict adverse outcomes. But information about relationships between arterial properties and CFR in subjects without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is limited. ⋯ Among symptomatic women without obstructive CAD, CFR was inversely related to aortic systolic pressure and indices of aortic stiffness. These changes in arterial properties increase left ventricular afterload requiring the ventricle to generate additional, but wasted, energy that increases indices of myocardial oxygen demand, reduces CFR and increases vulnerability to ischemia.
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American heart journal · Nov 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyRadial versus femoral access for elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary angiography and intervention: insights from the RIVAL trial.
Radial access for percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with lower rates of access site complications and bleeding. However, elderly patients have more complex vascular anatomy and radial access may be more challenging in this population. There remains uncertainty regarding the role of radial access in elderly patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. ⋯ Consistent with the overall RIVAL trial population, elderly patients undergoing cardiac catheterization have lower rates of major bleeding or access site complications and higher rates of access site crossover with radial access compared to femoral access.
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American heart journal · Nov 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialLifestyle modification for resistant hypertension: The TRIUMPH randomized clinical trial.
Resistant hypertension (RH) is a growing health burden in this country affecting as many as 1 in 5 adults being treated for hypertension. Resistant hypertension is associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and all-cause mortality. Strategies to reduce blood pressure (BP) in this high-risk population are a national priority. ⋯ The TRIUMPH randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02342808) is designed to test the efficacy of an intensive, center-based lifestyle intervention compared to a standardized education and physician advice counseling session on BP and CVD biomarkers in patients with RH after 4 months of treatment and will determine whether lifestyle changes can be maintained for a year.
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American heart journal · Nov 2015
Observational StudyAssociation of prior β-blocker use and the outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
β-Blocker therapy is one of the most commonly prescribed treatments for patients with cardiac conditions. In patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), however, recent data suggest that prior treatment with β-blockers could be harmful by lowering the incidence of a shockable presenting rhythm. The main objective of our study was to determine the association between prior β-blocker use and mortality in OHCA patients. ⋯ β-Blocker use was not associated with lower rates of shockable rhythms or mortality among older patients with OHCA.
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American heart journal · Nov 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyInstantaneous Wave-Free Ratio versus Fractional Flow Reserve guided intervention (iFR-SWEDEHEART): Rationale and design of a multicenter, prospective, registry-based randomized clinical trial.
Instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) is a new hemodynamic resting index for assessment of coronary artery stenosis severity. iFR uses high frequency sampling to calculate a gradient across a coronary lesion during a period of diastole. The index has been tested against fractional flow reserve (FFR) and found to have an overall classification agreement of 80% to 85%. Whether the level of disagreement is clinically relevant is unknown. Clinical outcome data on iFR are scarce. This study is a registry-based randomized clinical trial, which is a novel strategy using health quality registries as on-line platforms for randomization, case record forms, and follow-up. ⋯ The iFR-SWEDEHEART trial is an registry-based randomized clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of the diagnostic method iFR compared to FFR.