Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
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Our aim was to evaluate the benefits and harms of adjunctive corticosteroids in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) using individual patient data from randomized, placebo-controlled trials and to explore subgroup differences. ⋯ Adjunct corticosteroids for patients hospitalized with CAP reduce time to clinical stability and length of hospital stay by approximately 1 day without a significant effect on overall mortality but with an increased risk for CAP-related rehospitalization and hyperglycemia.
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Screening strategies based on interferon-γ release assays in tuberculosis contact tracing may reduce the need for preventive therapy without increasing subsequent active disease. ⋯ NCT01223534.
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Candida auris is an emerging, multidrug-resistant yeast that can spread in healthcare settings. It can cause invasive infections with high mortality and is difficult to identify using traditional yeast identification methods. ⋯ Prompt investigation and aggressive interventions, including notification to public health agencies, implementation of contact precautions, thorough environmental cleaning and disinfection, infection control assessments, contact tracing and screening of contacts to assess for colonization, and retrospective review of microbiology records and prospective surveillance for cases at laboratories are all needed to limit the spread of C. auris. This review summarizes the current recommended approach to manage cases and control transmission of C. auris in healthcare facilities.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Comparing the Outcomes of Adults With Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia Receiving Short-Course Versus Prolonged-Course Antibiotic Therapy in a Multicenter, Propensity Score-Matched Cohort.
The recommended duration of antibiotic treatment for Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections is 7-14 days. We compared the outcomes of patients receiving short-course (6-10 days) vs prolonged-course (11-16 days) antibiotic therapy for Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia. ⋯ Short courses of antibiotic therapy yield similar clinical outcomes as prolonged courses of antibiotic therapy for Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia, and may protect against subsequent MDRGN bacteria.
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Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) plays an important role in resistance to Aspergillus infections. Previous studies have suggested that PTX3 polymorphisms influence the risk of invasive aspergillosis among transplantation recipients. This study investigated the association between PTX3 gene polymorphisms and pulmonary aspergillosis in a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) population. ⋯ This study showed a significant association between PTX3 rs1840680 polymorphisms and the susceptibility of pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with COPD. Plasma PTX3 levels may be potentially used as indicators for the diagnosis of IPA in COPD patients.