Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Seven Versus 14 Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia: A Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trial.
Gram-negative bacteremia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Data to guide the duration of antibiotic therapy are limited. ⋯ NCT01737320.
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Plasma gelsolin (pGSN) is an abundant circulating protein that neutralizes actin exposed by damaged cells, modulates inflammatory responses, and enhances alveolar macrophage antimicrobial activity. We investigated whether adults with low pGSN at hospital admission for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) were at high risk for severe outcomes. ⋯ Among adults hospitalized with CAP, lower pGSN concentrations were associated with more severe clinical outcomes. Future studies are planned to investigate possible therapeutic benefits of recombinant human pGSN in this population.
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We observed 354 hand hygiene instances across 41 healthcare workers doffing personal protective equipment at 4 hospital-based biocontainment units. We measured the duration and thoroughness of each hand hygiene instance. Both parameters varied substantially, with systematic differences between hospitals and differences between healthcare workers accounting for much of the variance.
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Artesunate-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (ASSP) is the frontline artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) in India. Random, irrational, subtherapeutic artemisinin doses and self-medication with ACT along with predominance of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance parasite invoked a strong possibility of emerging artemisinin-resistant malaria parasites. ⋯ Identification of artemisinin-resistant isolates in India together with new mutations and increasing combination therapy failures blow alarms for urgent malaria control.
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In 2016, 42% of nursing homes enrolled in the National Healthcare Safety Network reported meeting all 7 of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship. Bivariate analyses suggested that implementation of all core elements differed by ownership type and amount of infection prevention staff hours.