Internal medicine
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Downhill esophageal varices often develop because of venous hypertension caused by either superior vena cava obstruction or compression. We herein present a case of downhill esophageal varices caused by a giant goiter in a patient with postoperative Graves' disease. A 66-year-old man presented with an enlarged goiter. ⋯ This patient was successfully treated with repeated segmental embolization of the thyroid arteries that fed the goiter, followed by embolization of the inflow vein for downhill esophageal varices. Three years later, no re-enlargement of either the goiter or the appearance of downhill varices was observed. Segmental embolization therapy is thus considered to be a safe alternative for the treatment of downhill esophageal varices caused by giant goiter.
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Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) involves narrowing of the celiac artery root from MAL compression, leading to pancreatoduodenal artery aneurysm (PDAA) due to increased retrograde blood flow from the superior mesenteric artery into the PDA. We encountered a case in which coil embolization was performed for PDAA rupture due to MALS. ⋯ We herein report a rare case of metachronous PDAA rupture in the context of MALS. The relevant literature and 11 PDAA/MALS cases are discussed.
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Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is characterized by progressive postural instability, falls, and supranuclear vertical gaze abnormalities. In this report, we present the case of a 71-year-old woman with dopa-responsive rest tremor followed by tachyphemia and postural instability. ⋯ Based on the diagnostic criteria for PSP, the patient was diagnosed with probable PSP-RS. The clinical manifestations observed in our patient are unique and are considered important for illustrating a broad spectrum of PSP syndrome.