Surgery today
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Central nervous system complications continue to be major causes of morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. ⋯ A greater age, diabetes mellitus, and renal failure were found to be risk factors for development of cognitive impairment at 6 months after CABG with CPB.
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Case Reports
Tension pneumothorax secondary to colonic perforation during diagnostic colonoscopy: report of a case.
We report a case of tension pneumothorax, which occurred secondary to colonic perforation during a colonoscopy. The patient was a 77-year-old woman in whom acute respiratory decompensation developed suddenly during a diagnostic colonoscopy for iron deficiency anemia. We diagnosed bilateral pneumothoraces, tension pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, and emphysema of the face, neck, and chest. ⋯ Occasionally, air spreads from the retroperitoneum into continuous tissue planes and decompresses into the adjacent structures. To our knowledge, this is the first report of two unique manifestations of diagnostic colonoscopy-induced intestinal perforation: tension pneumothorax and perforation at the site of a previous anastomosis. Both of these conditions should be considered in the event of acute respiratory failure in the endoscopy suite.
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Aortic root replacement after aortic valve replacement (AVR) is often complicated by bleeding around the aortic root, which increases the risk of morbidity and mortality, making it a technically challenging procedure. We describe a new technique of aortic root replacement designed to minimize bleeding around the aortic root. This surgical technique focuses on safe dissection and exposure of the aortic root to avoid inadvertent entry into the right atrium or right ventricle; on modifying the proximal anastomosis of the graft to the aortic annulus; and on performing a coronary artery reimplantation that achieves complete hemostasis at the suture lines. We performed aortic root replacement after AVR in four patients over a 4-year period, without encountering any bleeding around the aortic root.
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To determine the incidence and importance of functioning tumors among incidentally discovered adrenal masses in the era of laparoscopic surgery. ⋯ It is essential to diagnose the functional potential of adrenal incidentaloma preoperatively, and not to perform laparoscopic adrenalectomy for adrenal incidentaloma without careful evaluation first.
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Case Reports
Isolated superior mesenteric vein injury from blunt abdominal trauma: report of a case.
Solitary injury of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) after blunt abdominal trauma is a rare but frequently fatal injury. A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital after falling on his right side from a height of 5 m. Computed tomography (CT) showed blood in the peritoneal cavity, but no liver or spleen injury. ⋯ There was slight stenosis at the site of the suture and no sign of development of collateral venous circulation into the liver. This case report shows that primary repair of an SMV injury can be done in a stable patient without concomitant life-threatening injuries once proximal and distal control of bleeding has been achieved. Ligation should be reserved for patients with multiple injuries and an unstable condition.