Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
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In ophthalmic surgery, children are anesthetized for various reasons. The airway needs special attention as children have higher oxygen requirements and brief periods of apnea can result in hypoxemia and subsequent bradycardia or even cardiac arrest. Most interventions can be managed with the aid of a laryngeal mask allowing minor airway manipulations and thereby reducing the risk of laryngeal and tracheal injuries and laryngospasm in children with hypersensitive airways. ⋯ It has not yet been clarified whether this has an effect on the neurocognitive development of children. Because of this uncertainty the indications for surgery and anesthesia should be assessed on strict clinical requirements. There is, however, widespread agreement that a necessary anesthesia carried out in a correct and controlled manner has no negative consequences for children.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
[A 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy after induction of general anesthesia: effect of additional retrobulbar anesthesia on postoperative pain].
Some studies have shown a significant reduction of postoperative pain by additional regional anesthesia in 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (20-G-ppV) with the patient under general anesthesia (AN). This observational study examined whether the advantages of additional retrobulbar anesthesia can also be observed with 23-gauge vitrectomy in AN. ⋯ This study did not show any advantage by additional retrobulbar anesthesia regarding postoperative analgesia compared to an adequate treatment with peripheral acting analgesics during surgery and the early postoperative period.
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Ultrasound diagnostics have been one of the most important noninvasive supplementary diagnostic procedures in ophthalmology for many decades and are indispensable for many intraocular and orbital diseases. When the echography examination and analysis of the echograms obtained are correctly carried out, ultrasound diagnostics are characterized by a high measure of specificity and sensitivity.
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Ultrasound diagnostics has been one of the most important additional diagnostic non-invasive techniques in ophthalmology for many decades and is essential for many intraocular and orbital diseases. When echographic investigations and analysis of the echograms obtained are correctly carried out, ultrasound diagnostics demonstrates a high degree of specificity and sensitivity.
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In 2003 the German diagnosis-related groups (G-DRG) were introduced for reimbursement of inpatient treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze the development of G-DRGs in ophthalmology in Germany (MDC02) from 2004 to 2012 by means of data from the Institute for the Reimbursement System in Hospitals (InEK). ⋯ The annually calculated costs of the InEK directly influence the calculation of the cost weightings and reimbursement and are therefore important for every hospital. During the time period analyzed a high reduction in costs and LOS in the majority of the analyzed case groups were found.