Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of single dose caudal tramadol, tramadol plus bupivacaine and bupivacaine administration for postoperative analgesia in children.
Our aim was to compare the effect of single dose caudal tramadol, tramadol plus bupivacaine and bupivacaine on the management of postoperative pain in children. ⋯ Tramadol used caudally is as effective as bupivacaine in the management of postoperative pain in children and the addition of tramadol to bupivacaine, when both drugs were administered caudally, did not prolong the duration of action of bupivacaine and is a safe agent in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of four methods for assessing oropharyngeal leak pressure with the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in paediatric patients.
This study compares four tests for assessing oropharyngeal leak pressure with the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). We tested the hypothesis that the oropharyngeal leak pressure and interobserver reliability differs between tests. ⋯ We conclude that all four tests provide accurate and reliable information about oropharyngeal leak pressure in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2001
Comparative Study Clinical TrialAccuracy and limitations of continuous oesophageal aortic blood flow measurement during general anaesthesia for children: comparison with transcutaneous echography-Doppler.
Because it is noninvasive and easy to use, oesophageal Doppler ultrasonography appears to be a worthwhile alternative for continuous assessment of cardiac output measurement during anaesthesia. A new oesophageal Doppler-echography device (Dynemo 3000, Sometec, Paris, France) can simultaneously determine aortic diameter and aortic blood flow at the same anatomical level (DEeso). The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy and the potential limitations of this device during general anaesthesia among 20 children, using transcutaneous Doppler-echocardiography for comparison (DEtra). ⋯ These results suggest that this new oesophageal Doppler method is unsuitable to measure accurately absolute CO values and relative CO changes in children during anaesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2001
Postal survey of cuffed or uncuffed tracheal tubes used for paediatric tracheal intubation.
A postal survey of the use of cuffed or uncuffed tracheal tubes for tracheal intubation in children and infants was performed to investigate the criteria used for deciding the choice of tube and the manner of inflating the cuff in the case of use of a cuffed tracheal tube (CTT). From 200 questionnaires despatched, replies were received from 130 paediatric anaesthesiologists (response rate 65%). In paediatric practice, the CTT was routinely used by 25% of respondents for more than 80% of their patients, while more than 37% of respondents use them in less than 20% of the cases. ⋯ These criteria were specified, respectively, by 32%, 24% and 18% of the respondents. The cuff was inflated in response to a leak in 18% of the cases and as a response to a pressure manometer in 15% of the cases. Few paediatric anaesthesiologists use a cuffed tracheal tube routinely for tracheal intubation in children, and fewer actually use a pressure monitoring device, while it is suggested that the cuff pressure should be monitored in case of CTT.
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The Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome, commonly referred to as progeria, is a rare childhood syndrome that results in premature ageing. We focus on two anaesthetics administered to a child with progeria and a review of the available literature.