Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2004
The effect of environmental tobacco smoke on the dose requirements of rocuronium in children.
Smoking affects the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic behaviour of several drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of environmental tobacco smoke on onset and recovery time after single dose rocuronium in children. ⋯ This study shows that passive smoking children consume less rocuronium than nonsmokers during similar anaesthesia. We think that a history of passive smoking must also be taken into consideration during preoperative evaluation of paediatric patients.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2004
Case ReportsUse of remifentanil in an infant with surgically repaired Shone's syndrome.
We describe the use of remifentanil in an infant with a partially repaired Shone's syndrome who required tendon lengthening because of congenital clubfoot. Remifentanil has unique properties, making it a potentially useful and predictable agent for infants with significant comorbidity.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIncidence of vomiting in susceptible children under regional analgesia with two different anaesthetic techniques.
Postoperative vomiting (POV) is a frequent side-effect of paediatric surgery and a leading cause of unplanned admission. Many antiemetic drugs have been studied, but less attention has been given to the effects on POV of the anaesthetic technique adopted. The aim of this study was to compare two different anaesthetic techniques in children under regional analgesia at risk for POV. ⋯ Anaesthesia based on propofol and ketamine is better than inhalation anaesthesia with sevoflurane by LMA for reducing POV in children at risk under an ilio-inguinal block. Tailoring the anaesthetic to the specific needs of children susceptible to POV should be considered before resorting to the routine use of expensive antiemetic prophylaxis.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAssessment of risk factors for emergence distress and postoperative behavioural changes in children following general anaesthesia.
Emergence distress commonly occurs in children recovering from the immediate effects of general anaesthesia. This study was performed to (1) examine whether parental presence in the operating room during emergence from anaesthesia reduces the incidence or severity of emergence distress behaviour, and (2) assess psychosocial risk factors, including child temperament and sleep behaviour, for development of emergence distress. ⋯ Parental presence during emergence from anesthesia did not decrease the incidence or severity of emergence distress behaviour in children. Young children and children with a history of temper tantrums or separation anxiety may be more likely to develop such behaviour.