Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPremedication in children: a comparison of oral midazolam and oral clonidine.
Oral premedication is widely used in pediatric anesthesia to reduce preoperative anxiety and ensure smooth induction. Midazolam is currently the most commonly used premedicant, but good results have also been reported with clonidine. The aim of the present study was to compare clinical effects of oral midazolam and oral clonidine. ⋯ In this study, premedication with oral clonidine appeared to be superior to oral midazolam. Quality of mask acceptance was comparable between groups, but oral clonidine was better accepted by the child, produced more effective preoperative sedation, showed a trend towards better recovery from anesthesia and had a higher degree of parental satisfaction.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
Clinical TrialStudy of the adjustment of the Ambu laryngeal mask under magnetic resonance imaging.
Our aim in this study was to analyze the adjustment of the laryngeal mask, Ambu AuraOnce, in pediatric patients during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to look for a correlation between clinical parameters such as the sealing pressure and the ease of introduction with radiological parameters. ⋯ The Ambu AuraOnce can be regarded as a safe product for airway maintenance in pediatric patients. No relationship was found between radiological measurements and sealing pressures.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
Clinical validation of the Multidimensional Assessment of Pain Scale.
The Multidimensional Assessment Pain Scale (MAPS), was developed to measure postoperative pain in critically ill preverbal children. Following preliminary psychometric testing, additional validation of this 5-category 10-point scale was required. This article reports the results of a follow-up validation study that aimed to evaluate the clinical validity and utility of the MAPS. ⋯ This study showed that 'MAPS like FLACC and VASobs decreases similarly following rescue morphine. MAPS-revised can be recommended for clinical application.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
Clinical TrialA simple method to reduce the inspiratory oxygen fraction for high pulmonary blood flow patients in an operating room.
Low inspired oxygen acutely increases pulmonary vascular resistance and decreases pulmonary-systemic blood flow ratio. We present a simple method to lower inspired oxygen fraction (FIO2<0.21) without supplemental nitrogen, during mechanical ventilation by an anesthesia machine. ⋯ This simple and convenient method to decrease FIO2, has a utility in clinical situations, in which pulmonary vascular resistance is to be increased to improve systemic oxygen delivery in patients with high pulmonary blood flow during cardiac surgery.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
Case ReportsRectus sheath block: successful use in the chronic pain management of pediatric abdominal wall pain.
Seven pediatric patients (aged 11-16 years) with chronic abdominal wall pain are presented who gained significant relief from a rectus sheath block (RSB). We describe the case histories and review the relevant literature for this technique. The etiology of the abdominal wall pain was considered to be abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment, iatrogenic peripheral nerve injury, myofascial pain syndrome or was unknown. ⋯ In the majority of cases, the procedure was carried out under general anesthesia as a daycase procedure. Local anesthetic and steroids were used. This is the first report of the successful use of this technique in the chronic pain management setting in children.