Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Perioperative thromboprophylaxis in children: development of a guideline for management.
Venous thromboembolic (VTE) events can occur in children at the time of surgery where a patient has associated prothrombotic risk factors. There is currently little advice available to anesthetists on how to assess the risks and provide prophylaxis. ⋯ Children with multiple risk factors for VTE should be considered for prophylactic measures when presenting for prolonged major surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Effects of head posture on the oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal axis alignment in infants and young children by magnetic resonance imaging.
Objective anatomical studies supporting the different recommendations for laryngoscopy in infants and young children are scarce. The objective of this study was to measure by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the consequences of head extension on the oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal axes in infants and young children. ⋯ In infants and young children, under general anesthesia and with a laryngeal mask airway in place, just a slight head extension improves alignment of the line of vision of the glottis and the laryngeal axis (narrowing of angle delta) but worsened the alignment of the pharyngeal and laryngeal axes (widening of angle beta).
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRocuronium-induced withdrawal movements associated with different Rocuronium injection method.
One hundred and twenty patients (3-15 years old) were randomly enrolled (four groups: each group = 30 patients) in the study. ⋯ The infusion injection of rocuronium for tracheal intubation significantly reduced the incidence and intensity of withdrawal movement on injection of rocuronium, and it neither delays the onset of muscle relaxation nor deteriorates the intubating condition.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of drinks that are added as flavoring in oral midazolam premedication on sedation success.
Midazolam is one of the most frequently used agents for sedation in pediatric dentistry. The injectable form of midazolam can also be given orally. However, its bad taste has negative effects on ingestion of the drug. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of drinks which were added to mask the bitter taste of midazolam for drug acceptance and sedation. ⋯ As well as making drug ingestion much simpler, the addition of sodium citrate to the midazolam administered orally to the children increased the effectiveness of sedation.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialThe preventative analgesic effect of preincisional peritonsillar infiltration of two low doses of ketamine for postoperative pain relief in children following adenotonsillectomy. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
In literature, the use of ketamine for the preventative analgesia in the management of postoperative pain is controversial. The purpose of the present study was the clinical assessment of the efficacy of preincisional peritonsillar infiltration of two doses of ketamine on postoperative pain relief compared with peritonsillar saline in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy. ⋯ A 0.5 or 1 mg.kg(-1) dose of ketamine given at approximately 3 min before surgery by peritonsillar infiltration provides efficient pain relief during 24 h after surgery without side-effects in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.