Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2013
Early adjuvant use of nonopioids associated with reduced odds of serious postoperative opioid adverse events and need for rescue in children.
Examine factors associated with opioid adverse drug events (ADE) in children. ⋯ Findings from this study suggest that strategies such as early use of adjuvant nonopioids may reduce risk of opioid-ADEs postoperatively. Furthermore, children who require supplemental oxygen early postoperatively may be at heightened risk of later events.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of buccal and nasal dexmedetomidine premedication for pediatric patients.
Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists are used to premedicate pediatric patients to reduce separation anxiety and achieve calm induction. The clinical effects of clonidine are similar whether via the oral or nasal route. However, oral dexmedetomidine is not preferred because of its poor bioavailability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nasal versus buccal dexmedetomidine used for premedication in children. ⋯ These results suggest that intranasal administration of 1 μg·kg(-1) dexmedetomidine is more effective than buccal administration of 1 μg·kg(-1) dexmedetomidine for premedication in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA randomized equivalence trial comparing the i-gel and laryngeal mask airway Supreme in children.
The laryngeal mask airway Supreme (Supreme) is a new single-use supraglottic device with gastric access capability now available in all sizes for children. ⋯ In infants and children, when a single-use supraglottic device with gastric access capabilities is required, the i-gel demonstrated higher airway leak pressures and can be a useful alternative to the Supreme.