Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of the efficacy of ramosetron and ondansetron in the prophylaxis of postoperative vomiting in children receiving fentanyl by patient-controlled analgesia after orthopedic surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
This study was designed to compare the efficacy of prophylactic ramosetron and ondansetron in preventing postoperative vomiting in children who received fentanyl by patient-controlled analgesia after orthopedic surgery. ⋯ Ramosetron was more effective during the first 24-h period after surgery than ondansetron in children using fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia after general anesthesia.
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Laryngeal cleft is a rare congenital malformation that is being reported with increasing frequency. Diagnosis requires suspension microlaryngoscopy under general anesthesia during spontaneous respiration. Repair may be attempted by a minimally invasive endoscopic approach or open surgical repair. The authors report on their experience with total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and spontaneous ventilation without an endotracheal tube during suspension laryngoscopy and CO2 laser application for this specific surgical procedure. Of particular interest were the rate at which this technique failed and rescue techniques were employed and the ability to predict patients in whom this might occur. ⋯ The technique of TIVA with spontaneous respirations without an endotracheal tube is a safe and effective technique for laryngeal cleft repair. Although the potential for intraoperative adverse events may be high, the actual rate was very low. The need to convert to other techniques is not significant although the children who did require brief periods of jet ventilation or intubation tended to have reactive airway disease or chronic lung disease.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of short-term propofol administration on pancreatic enzymes and lipid biochemistry in children between 1 month and 36 months.
Use of propofol in pediatric age group has been marred by reports of its adverse effects like hypertriglyceridemia and acute pancreatitis, although a causal relation has not yet been established. ⋯ We conclude that despite a small, transient increase in serum triglycerides and pancreatic enzymes, short-term propofol administration in recommended dosages in children of ASA status I and II aged between 1 month and 36 months does not produce any clinically significant effect on serum lipids and pancreatic enzymes.