Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA multicenter, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled, single dose trial of the safety and efficacy of intravenous ibuprofen for treatment of pain in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy.
Tonsillectomy is one of the most common pediatric procedures in the United States. An optimal perioperative pain control regimen remains a challenge. Intravenous ibuprofen administered at induction of anesthesia may be a safe and efficacious option for postoperative tonsillectomy pain. ⋯ Administration of IV-ibuprofen, 10 mg·kg(-1) , significantly reduced fentanyl use in pediatric tonsillectomy patients.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2014
Meta AnalysisDexamethasone, ondansetron, and their combination and postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication after pediatric strabismus surgery. Steroids and ondansetron (a 5-HT3 antagonist) can effectively reduce nausea, vomiting, and pain and thus might be useful agents for the prevention of PONV in pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the prophylactic effects of dexamethasone and ondansetron on PONV after strabismus surgery in pediatric patients. ⋯ Surgeons and anesthesiologists are recommended to administer the combination of dexamethasone and ondansetron to pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2014
Comparative Study Observational StudyAccuracy of manual palpation vs ultrasound for identifying the L3 -L4 intervertebral space level in children.
Insertion of needles into the spinal or epidural space is an important component of modern anesthetic practice. Needles are usually inserted at or below the L3-L4 intervertebral space to minimize the risk of spinal cord injury. Manual palpation is the most common method for identifying intervertebral spaces. However, anesthesiologists are increasingly using ultrasonography to guide the placement of regional, including neuraxial, anesthetic, and analgesic blocks. We undertook an observational study to compare the accuracy of manual palpation and ultrasound for determining the L3-L4 intervertebral space level. ⋯ This observational study found no difference in the accuracy of landmark palpation, when performed by a consultant anesthesiologist, and ultrasound for determining the L3-L4 intervertebral space in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2014
Postoperative pain during the first week after adenoidectomy and guillotine adenotonsillectomy in children.
Adenoidectomy (AD) and adenotonsillectomy (ATE) are frequently occurring and often painful interventions in children. In literature, it is very prevalent that postoperative pain in children following ATE is hard to control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of postoperative pain in children undergoing AD and ATE in the ambulatory setting. ⋯ Examination of the PPPM and VAS scores illustrated that children undergoing AD were comfortable with acetaminophen as a single analgesic, whereas children undergoing ATE experience significant pain for up to two postoperative days when treated with acetaminophen and diclofenac.