Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2015
A pilot and feasibility study of the plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics of cefazolin in an immature porcine model of pediatric cardiac surgery.
Surgical site infection (SSI) prevention for children with congenital heart disease is imperative and methods to assess and evaluate the tissue concentrations of prophylactic antibiotics are important to help maximize these efforts. ⋯ The cefazolin dosing used in this study achieves plasma and tissue concentrations that should be effective against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus but may not be effective against some gram-negative pathogens. The timing of the cefazolin administration prior to incision and a second dose given during cardiopulmonary bypass may be important factors for achieving goal tissue concentrations.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2015
Changes of epidural blood flow after epidural administration of epinephrine in young rats.
For caudal epidural analgesia, the needle is inserted at a site where vessels are abundant. To avoid complications related to intravascular administration of the local anesthetic, epinephrine is usually added, but there is no evidence about the safety of epidural administration of epinephrine in pediatric patients. The objective of this study was to assess the changes in epidural blood flow after epidural injection of epinephrine in young rats. ⋯ Administration of epinephrine into the epidural space was safe in young rats. While reduction of epidural blood flow was observed, there was no spinal ischemia.