Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block on postoperative analgesia and neuroendocrine stress response in pediatric patients undergoing elective open inguinal hernia repair.
Transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) is a compartmental block of the anterior abdominal wall. Surgical trauma produces multisystem reactions. Anesthetic techniques can modify the neuroendocrine surgical stress response. ⋯ TAP block is effective as a part of multimodal analgesia for children undergoing open inguinal hernia repair with significant attenuation in the neuroendocrine stress response induced by surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2016
Case ReportsHigh-flow nasal cannula therapy and apnea time in laryngeal surgery.
In small children, high-flow nasal cannula therapy may prolong apnea time even when an inspiratory oxygen fraction below 100% is used. This will be beneficial in prolonged intubation attempts, but especially during procedures requiring prolonged apnea time, leading to fewer airway manipulations and markedly enhanced surgical conditions.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2016
Prediction of the midtracheal level based on external anatomical landmarks: implication of the optimal insertion depth of endotracheal tubes in pediatric patients.
Optimal positioning of endotracheal tubes (ETTs) decreases the risk of accidental extubation or endobronchial intubation. This study evaluated the usefulness of external anatomical landmarks as practical references for determining an insertion depth of an ETT in pediatric patients. ⋯ The midtracheal level, helpful in planning the insertion depth of an ETT, can be predicted by measuring the surface distance from the cricoid cartilage to suprasternal notch in pediatric patients.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2016
Observational StudyMortality following congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair: the role of anesthesia.
Mortality following surgical repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains high. The volume and type of perioperative intravenous fluid administered, baro-trauma, oxygen toxicity, and the duration of anesthesia are thought to affect outcome in surgical populations. ⋯ Neither the volume of intraoperative fluids administered nor the duration of anesthesia was associated with postoperative death. The OI 24 h postsurgery was the best predictor of an increased risk of mortality.