Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1995
Biography Historical ArticleMagill's endotracheal catheter device for use during repair of cleft lip and palate.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison between ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block performed by anaesthetist or surgeon for postoperative analgesia following groin surgery in children.
A study was performed to compare postoperative analgesia in children undergoing groin surgery. Patients were randomly allocated to receive ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric (I-I) nerve blocks using 0.25% plain bupivicaine (0.5 ml.kg-1) performed either percutaneously by the anaesthetist after the induction of general anaesthesia, before surgery commenced, or intraoperatively, under direct vision, by the surgeon. ⋯ Statistical analysis of the results revealed no difference in pain score between groups treated either by anaesthetist or surgeon. However, children under two years of age had significantly higher pain scores than those over two.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSevoflurane elimination kinetics in children.
We compared the rates of elimination of sevoflurane and halothane in 29 children, aged between one and seven years, undergoing ambulatory anaesthesia. Analgesia was provided by fentanyl and muscle relaxation by atracurium. ⋯ The elimination of sevoflurane and N2O give similar types of equations. Halothane elimination gives a logarithmic type of equation, showing a slower release, corresponding to residual tissue content.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPostoperative morphine requirements, nausea and vomiting following anaesthesia for tonsillectomy. Comparison of intravenous morphine and non-opioid analgesic techniques.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to be as effective as opioid analgesia following tonsillectomy in children. Opioids are still frequently used but tonsillectomy is associated with a high incidence of vomiting. This study has attempted to assess postoperative analgesic consumption and nausea and vomiting after general anaesthesia for tonsillectomy using either paracetamol premedication, paracetamol plus a NSAID or intravenous morphine to provide postoperative analgesia. ⋯ Postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly less in the two groups which were not given intraoperative morphine. The number of vomiting incidents was also much less. We conclude that the preoperative administration of paracetamol alone provides satisfactory analgesia in many children but that supplementary analgesia is still required for some.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1995
Case Reports Multicenter StudyAccidents following extradural analgesia in children. The results of a retrospective study.
A retrospective multicentre study of the complications observed after regional anaesthesia in children was undertaken in 1991 at the request of the association of Anesthésistes-Réanimateurs Pédiatriques d'Expression Française (ADARPEF). The incidence of accidents seen in the study was comparable to that found in the literature. Five cases which were exceptional due to the severity of the sequelae have been analysed separately. Different pathophysiological mechanisms are proposed.