Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2017
Pediatric upper airway dimensions using three-dimensional computed tomography imaging.
Computed tomography- (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measurements have recently suggested that the narrowest dimension of the pediatric airway is the subglottic region. These data are contrary to the previously held tenets of a funnel- or conical-shaped airway. The current study evaluates airway volumes and shapes using three-dimensional CT images of the air way column in spontaneously breathing children. ⋯ This study confirms recent studies demonstrating that the subglottic region not the cricoid is the narrowest part of the airway.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2017
Dexmedetomidine sedation combined with caudal anesthesia for lower abdominal and extremity surgery in ex-preterm and full-term infants.
Awake caudal anesthesia is a potentially attractive option, because the administration of general anesthesia is associated with a high rate of respiratory complications and hemodynamic disturbances and potential neurotoxic effects. To facilitate the caudal puncture and subsequent surgical intervention, additional sedatives are commonly administered. ⋯ Caudal anesthesia combined with dexmedetomidine sedation is an effective anesthetic technique for lower abdominal and extremity surgery in ex-preterm and full-term infants with severe comorbidities.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyInteractive web-based format vs conventional brochure material for information transfer to children and parents: a randomized controlled trial regarding preoperative information.
Information transfer to patients is an integral part of modern medicine. Internet-based alternatives represent a new and attractive way for information transfer. ⋯ Children in the age range 3-12 years of age as well as their parents do better attain preoperative information from an interactive web-based platform compared to conventional brochure material.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2017
Observational StudyNasal high-flow oxygen delivery in children with abnormal airways.
Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange has been shown to safely prolong the safe apnea time in well children post induction of anesthesia and is rapidly becoming a new standard for apneic oxygenation in adults. The same oxygenation technique is described as nasal high flow and can be used in infants and children at risk of apnea during anesthesia. ⋯ Nasal high flow can be used in spontaneously breathing children with abnormal airways for maintenance of oxygenation during anesthesia for tubeless airway procedures.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2017
Assessing the survival impact of perioperative opioid consumption in children and adolescents undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
Several studies in adult patients have suggested an unfavorable association between opioid consumption and cancer progression. ⋯ In this retrospective study of children and adolescents who had undergone cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, there was no statistically significant association between opioid consumption and recurrence-free survival or overall survival.