Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2017
Observational StudySedation methods for transthoracic echocardiography in children with Trisomy 21-a retrospective study.
Many children with Trisomy 21 have neurologic or behavioral problems that make it difficult for them to remain still during noninvasive imaging studies, such as transthoracic echocardiograms (TTEcho). Recently, intranasal dexmedetomidine sedation has been introduced for this purpose. However, dexmedetomidine has been associated with bradycardia. Children with Trisomy 21 have been reported to have a higher risk of bradycardia and airway obstruction with sedation or anesthesia compared to children without Trisomy 21. ⋯ Intranasal dexmedetomidine sedation was not associated with a significantly higher risk of bradycardia in patients with Trisomy 21, compared with other sedative or anesthetic regimens.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2017
ReviewAnesthesia-induced rhabdomyolysis or malignant hyperthermia: is defining the crisis important?
Anesthesia-induced rhabdomyolysis and malignant hyperthermia occur in response to the same agents and present with similar clinical features. Distinguishing between these diagnoses can be challenging in a clinical crisis yet making the distinction is critical as prompt appropriate management may be life-saving, whereas delayed recognition and/or inappropriate management will almost certainly result in death. This focused review examines the differences between these conditions and focuses on the emergency management of anesthesia-induced rhabdomyolysis.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2017
ReviewMagnesium sulfate in pediatric anesthesia: the Super Adjuvant.
Magnesium is an essential chemical element in all organisms, intervening in most cellular enzymatic reactions; thus, its importance in homeostasis and as a therapeutic tool in highly challenging patients such as pediatrics. The primary purpose of this paper was to review the role of magnesium sulfate as an adjuvant drug in pediatric anesthesia. This compound already has the scientific backing in certain aspects such as analgesia or muscle relaxation, but only theoretical or empirical backing in others such as organ protection or inflammation, where it seems to be promising. The multitude of potential applications in pediatric anesthesia, its high safety, and low cost make magnesium sulfate could be considered a Super Adjuvant.