Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2016
Incidence and risk factors for postoperative vomiting following atrial septal defect repair in children.
The incidence and risk factors for postoperative vomiting (POV) after pediatric cardiac surgery has not been studied. ⋯ The incidence of POV in children undergoing surgical ASD repair was 37.5%. Age ≥4 years and CPB time ≥51 min were identified as independent predictors.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2016
A pilot study of dexmedetomidine sedation and caudal anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair in infants.
Recent concerns regarding possible long-term effects of early anesthesia exposure on neurodevelopment in children have provided an impetus to explore alternative anesthetic techniques using potentially neuroprotective agents. Dexmedetomidine has not been implicated in anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity and has been shown to be neuroprotective in preclinical studies. We describe a case series of 50 neonates and infants who received dexmedetomidine sedation with caudal anesthesia instead of general endotracheal anesthesia for inguinal hernia surgery. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine sedation with caudal anesthesia is a feasible alternative to spinal or general anesthesia in selected infants undergoing uncomplicated hernia surgery. It avoids the need for endotracheal intubation and may be potentially beneficial in avoiding the unknown effects of general anesthesia on neurodevelopment.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2016
Observational StudyEvaluation of the Explorer Endoscopy Mask(©) for esogastroduodenoscopy in children: a retrospective study of 173 cases.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability and safety of the Explorer Endoscopy Mask(®) (EM) as an alternative to endotracheal intubation in children undergoing elective esogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) under general anesthesia (GA). ⋯ Our data support the EM use in pediatric EGD. There were few transient respiratory adverse events which were easily solved with minor interventions.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2016
Utility of screening questionnaire, obesity, neck circumference, and sleep polysomnography to predict sleep-disordered breathing in children and adolescents.
Polysomnography (PSG) remains the gold standard for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and sleep-disordered breathing in children. Yet, simple screening tools are needed as it is not feasible to perform PSG in all patients with possible OSA. ⋯ We developed a six-question scale with good predictive utility for OSA. These findings may contribute to developing a preoperative clinical tool to help clinicians identify children with OSA for determining risk stratification and postoperative disposition.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2016
Compatibility of common drugs with acetate-containing balanced electrolyte solutions in pediatric anesthesia.
Acetate-containing balanced electrolyte solutions are frequently used for fluid therapy in pediatric anesthesia, but no studies investigating the compatibility with common anesthetic drugs are available. ⋯ Most of the tested drugs did not show any signs or evidence of incompatibility reactions. However, phenytoin and diazepam should not be in contact with the three tested solutions, including NS. Thiopental should be used with caution because it can precipitate in solutions with a low pH (e.g., BS).