Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2013
Case ReportsThe effect of rocuronium and sugammadex on neuromuscular blockade in a child with congenital myotonic dystrophy type 1.
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (MD1) is the commonest muscular dystrophy found in adults; however, it may present in the neonatal period with hypotonia, talipes, poor feeding, and respiratory failure. Inheritance is autosomal dominant with a defect in the DMPK gene found on the long arm of chromosome 19 with variable expansion of the cytosine-thymine-guanine (CTG) triplet repeat. A 14-month-old boy with congenital MD type 1 was scheduled for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) insertion, orchidopexy, and division of tongue-tie. ⋯ This revealed a very rapid onset of profound neuromuscular block which lasted significantly longer than would be expected in a child without MD1. Sugammadex reversed the block rapidly. The anesthetic management of children with MD1 has been well described but not the acceleromyographic monitored use of rocuronium and its subsequent reversal with the new cyclodextrin sugammadex.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2013
Anesthesia and Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy: review of 117 anesthetic exposures.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are associated with life-threatening perioperative complications, including rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, and hyperthermia. Current recommendations contraindicate use of succinylcholine and volatile anesthetics; however, the latter recommendation remains controversial. ⋯ Use of succinylcholine in children with dystrophinopathy is contraindicated. These patients have significant comorbidities and are frequently undergoing extensive operations; complications related to these factors can develop, as evidenced by our series. These complications may occur with use of volatile and nonvolatile anesthetics. However, because most of our patients were older than 8 years at the time of surgery, our observation cannot be generalized to younger dystrophin-deficient children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2013
Letter Case ReportsArytenoid prolapse and inability to ventilate.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2013
Review Case ReportsMcArdle's disease (glycogen storage disease type V) and anesthesia - a case report and review of the literature.
McArdles disease (glycogen storage disease type v) is a rare condition in which energy-metabolism in the muscle is hampered. A case report is presented and the possible risk for perioperative complications including malignant hyperthermia is discussed. A checklist for the anesthesiological management of patients with McArdles disease is provided. A short overview of anesthesiological challenges and perioperative complications of other glycogen storage diseases is given.