Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2012
ReviewPerioperative management of the child on long-term opioids.
The strategies used to manage children exposed to long-term opioids are extrapolated from adult literature. Opioid consumption during the perioperative period is more than three times that observed in patients not taking chronic opioids. A sparing use of opioids in the perioperative period results in both poor pain management and withdrawal phenomena. ⋯ While chronic pain or palliative care teams and other staff experienced with the care of children suffering chronic pain may have helpful input, many pediatric hospitals do not have chronic pain teams, and many patients receiving long-term opioids are not palliative. Acute pain services are appropriate to deal with those on long-term opioids in the perioperative setting and do so successfully in many centers. Staff caring for such children in the perioperative period should be aware of the challenges these children face and be educated before surgery about strategies for postoperative management and discharge planning.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2012
Perioperative opiate requirements in children with previous opiate infusion.
Critically ill children often require continuous opiate infusions. Tolerance may develop requiring a weaning strategy to prevent withdrawal symptoms. These children may also require subsequent surgical procedures. This is the first study to investigate whether previously opiate-tolerant patients require higher doses of opiates for adequate pain management perioperatively. ⋯ The perioperative opiate requirements of pediatric patients who were successfully weaned after prolonged opiate use were similar to opiate-naïve patients. A history of prolonged opiate use alone does not necessitate special pain management for future procedures.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2012
Predictive factors of PACU stay after herniorraphy in infant: a classification and regression tree analysis.
Herniorraphy is a common surgical intervention in infants, particularly in those born prematurely. Prematurity and perioperative sedation have been shown to be risk factors for postoperative apnea. However, their influence upon PACU stay duration has not been evaluated. The goal of this study was to investigate predictive factors for PACU stay in infants undergoing herniorraphy. ⋯ Our study allows construction of an accurate predictive tree for PACU stay during herniorraphy in infants <6 months. Parameters found to influence the duration of PACU stay were related to anesthesia techniques and perinatal outcomes.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2012
Anesthetic and perioperative risk in the patient with Ataxia-Telangiectasia.
OBJECTIVES/AIM: To report our relatively large experience with perioperative care for patients with Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T) and to identify the nature and frequency of complications. ⋯ Although limited by its retrospective nature, this is the first series describing perioperative risk for patients with A-T. Our results indicate that general anesthesia, airway manipulation, and perioperative mechanical ventilation may be tolerated with only minor postoperative anesthetic concerns. Perioperative providers should be aware of the complex multisystem medical concerns that may arise in these patients.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2012
Biography Historical ArticleHistorical vignette: Dr Charles Robson; pioneer Canadian pediatric anesthetist.
Charles Robson (Figure 1) was born in New Westminster, British Columbia (now a suburb of Vancouver), in 1884 and graduated in medicine from McGill University in Montreal in 1913. Having interned and with some anesthesia training at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal, he was sent overseas to work in a Canadian Army Hospital where he founded a school to train military anesthetists. Returning to Canada in 1919, he joined the staff of the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto as chief anesthetist, a position he held until 1951 (1). During most of this time, he was the sole full-time anesthetist at the hospital; administration of anesthesia at this hospital was not limited to staff anesthetists until 1950 (1).