Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2009
Continuous infusion of ropivacaïne: an optimal postoperative analgesia regimen for iliac crest bone graft in children.
Postoperative analgesia of iliac crest (IC) donor site can be performed by on site infiltrations of local anesthetics (LA) or morphine. Single injections or continuous infusions of LA proved their efficacy in adults, but was not reported in children. We prospectively evaluated the interest of a continuous infusion of 0.2% ropivacaïne at the IC donor site in terms of postoperative pain relief and rescue analgesics consumption. ⋯ Continuous infusion of 0.2% ropivacaïne through an IC catheter is an optimal and safe technique of regional postoperative analgesia after bone graft harvest in children.
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Caudal extradural blockade is one of the most commonly performed procedures in pediatric anesthesia. However, there is little information available on variations in clinical practice. ⋯ This survey provides a snapshot of current practice and acts a useful reference for the development of enhanced techniques and new equipment in the future.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2009
Hemostatic consequences of a non-fresh or reconstituted whole blood small volume cardiopulmonary bypass prime in neonates and infants.
Despite aggressive measures to miniaturize the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit in neonates and infants, the CPB prime volume is often at least as large as the patients' blood volume. We conducted an observational study to characterize the hemostatic consequences of a CPB prime consisting of either non-fresh or reconstituted whole blood. ⋯ Non-fresh or reconstituted whole blood as a component of a small volume CPB prime in neonates and infants induces clinically significant dilutional thrombocytopenia in conjunction with less significant reductions in fibrinogen, FII, FV, FVII, FVIII, FIX, FX, plasminogen, and AT-III.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2009
Clinical TrialMidazolam as a sole sedative for computed tomography imaging in pediatric patients.
To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of i.v. midazolam as a sole agent for sedation in children for computed tomography (CT) imaging. ⋯ The level of sedation achieved in children with midazolam 0.2 mg x kg(-1) is adequate for imaging with minimal side effects, no airway complications, and fast recovery. It can be recommended as the sole agent for sedation in pediatric patients for CT imaging.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2009
A retrospective analysis of anesthesiologic complications in pediatric neurosurgery.
Different clinical and surgical factors can influence the occurrence of anesthesiologic complications in pediatric neurosurgery. Preoperative knowledge of these factors is of great importance in the application of safe anesthetics and a favorable surgical outcome. The objective was to establish the importance of clinical and surgical risk factors on the frequency of anesthesia complications in pediatric neurosurgery. ⋯ The duration of anesthesia, the sitting position of the patient, and the presence of comorbidities significantly increase the risk of anesthesia complications in pediatric neurosurgery.